MICRO- Learning Objectives Quiz

Q1) Which of the following statements is TRUE

a. Respiration req O2

b. A bacterium can acquire energy from either respiration or fermentation, but never both

c. More energy can be acquire utilizing aerobic respiration rather than fermentation

d. Living org cant acquire energy from H2 (g)

Q2)

Q3) Which of the following is NOT a mech for bacteria DNA uptake?

a. Transduction

b. Conjugation

c. Transfunction

d. Transformation

Q4)

Q5) Which of the following statements about penicillins is false?

a. Bacteria that produce penicillinase are resistant to the natural penicillin that was originally isolated from fungal cells

b. Bacteria that express extended broad-spectrum beta-lactamases are more likely resistant to penicillins

c. Using a combination of penicillin and beta-lactamase inhibitors is a suitable approach to treat an infection caused by a penicillin-resistant G(+) bacteria

d. Broad-spectrum penicillins are only active against penicillin-sensitive G(+) bacteria

e. Bacteria that have mutations in their penicillin-binding proteins may be resistant to penicillins

Q6) Which of the following pleomorphic fungi can cause common hospital acquired blood infection and is of great concern for hospitalized immunocompromised patients?

a. Candida albicans - Transforms to cause disease

b. Blastomyces dermatitidis

c. Coccidioides immitis

d. Aspergillus fumigatus

e. Histoplasma capsulatum

Q7) Which of the following lists the correct order for the sequential stages of a phage infection?

a. Penetration → Transcription → Attachment → Replication of nucleic acid/protein → Assembly → Release

b. Attachment → Penetration → Transcription → Replication of nucleic acid/protein → Assembly → Release

c. Attachment → Replication of nucleic acid/protein → Penetration → Transcription → Assembly → Release

d. Transcription → Attachment → Replication of nucleic acid/protein → Assembly → Penetration → Release

e. Attachment → Replication of nucleic acid/protein → Assembly → Penetration → Transcription → Release

Q8) Which of the following are examples of antigen-presenting cells (APC’s)?

(1- Neutrophil, 2- B-cell, 3- T-Cell, 4- Macrophage, 5- Dendritic cell)

a. 2, 3, 5

b. 1, 3, 5

c. 1, 2, 4

d. 2, 4, 5

e. 1, 2, 5

Q9) Which of the following is false concerning vaccines?

a. BCG and MMR are examples of “living” attenuated vaccines

b. Endotoxin can be toxoided (turned into a vaccine) for vaccines

c. Killed (or inactivated) vaccines include Salk polio and conventional influenza

d. Recombinant subunit vaccines include hepatitis B and HPV

e. DTaP is a toxoid

** Endotoxins elicit a dangerous inflammatory response in humans if injected → can’t be toxoided

Q10) What is false about endotoxins?

a. May activate clotting mechanisms and DIC (Disseminated intravascular coagulation)

b. Endotoxin causes fever, circulatory collapse, and shock through IL-1, IL-6, and TNF alpha

c. The toxic portion of the LPS is the “O” antigen

d. Interacts with TLR-4

e. Activates complement via alternative pathway

** The O antigen of LPS is a sugar; the actual toxic part is Lipid A. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize this portion in bacteria