Antiseptics

Antisepsis and Asepsis in Reducing Infection

Antiseptic Methods

• Ignaz Semmelweis (1847): Introduced handwashing with chloride of lime solution.

• Joseph Lister (1860s): Utilized carbolic acid sprays to reduce infection rates.

• Lister (1865): Embraced Germ Theory, applied carbolic acid on instruments and bandages.

Impact of Antiseptics

• 1864-66: Death rates reduced from 50% to around 15%.

• 1877: Lister promoted carbolic spray at King's College Hospital.

Aseptic Surgical Methods

• Late 1800s: Surgeons shifted to aseptic surgery for a germ-free environment.

• William Halsted (1889): Invented surgical gloves.

Asepsis Practices

• Instrument Sterilization: High-temperature steam used.

• Theatre Staff: Sterilize hands, wear sterile attire.

• Operating Theatres: Maintained with sterile air, special tents for high-risk cases.