Biology 1st term 🧬

Evolution and natural selection

Strong points:

-types of natural selection:

directional selection,disruptive selection and stabilizing selection.

-Fittest meaning:

One organism that can reproduce and survive more basically the one that’s most likely to survive and do what a normal individual is expected to do

-The comparison between natural selection and artificial selection:


Natural selection as the name says the nature chooses the changes (the best heritable characteristics without any interruption and in artificial selection humans chose the individuals that are gonna reproduce with each-other because of certain characteristics they need.

-Natural selection meaning:

Natural selection is the differential reproductive success of individuals with certain heritable characteristics

-Evolution meaning:

Evolution is the mix of different characteristics that were passed down generations over time


Medium points:

Inferences:

  1. They tend to reproduce more that the environment can support

  2. Natural population sizes are stable

  3. There tend to be variation in a group

  4. This variation is heritable

Observations:

  1. Non random survival

  2. There’s a struggle for survival because of the overproduction of offspring.

  3. Natural selection occurs because of the differential success in reproduction of members of a pop.
    This results in genetic change in the population as a whole because certain genes are passed on at a higher rate.


Selective breeding:

Selective breeding is when you choose the living things that are gonna reproduce with eachother for any purpose

Fossil records:

Fossil records are the decaying fossils that we found overtime allowing us to know what was life back then.

Reproductive isolation:

Reproductive isolation is when there’s a division of 2 groups that only reproduce with the ones that are in their same group.

Speciation:

The division of 2 groups because of different reasons

Causes:

Behavioral



Weak points:

Comparative embryology:

The comparison of embryos and how they develop

Comparative Anatomy and its types:

The comparison between the anatomy of different types of species

Monologous anatomy is the one that has the same anatomy and different function.

Ex: Human’s arms and whale’s fins


Analogous anatomy is the one that has the same function and different anatomy.

Ex:


Molecular biology:

the study of molecules proteins and other microorganisms and how they work with each-other.