Western Civ. Midterm

Reasons why history is important avoid past mistakes understands the present anticipate the future develop critical / analytical thinking skills Types of sources and examples of each primary ruins Battlefield artifacts remains any original document secondary encyclopedias movies books about biographies problems with sources they may be biased and complete false outdated or have a  specific purpose Characteristics of a civilization large organized form of a government social classes free and language law code  major periods for Western Civ / history names not dates ancient medieval modern missing links names and problems with each Nathaniel extinct type of human Java Man make sure Bones from at least two different type humans and animals  piltdown man hoax Bones chemically treated australopithecus Extinct type of ape dating methods types of problems / limits carbon-14 organic Decay rate altered by environmental factors tree ring altered by rain and drought potassium Argon  altered by trapped or leaking gases Kings list exaggeration of facts evidences that support a universal flood Marine C fossils found on mountains great beds of  fossil plants animals blood stories from various cultures worldwide sedimentary rock layers difference between paleolithic hunter/gather neolithic farmer/herderSignificance of Fertile Crescent birthplace of civilization oldest known civilization Sumer similarities between Mesopotamia and Egypt civilizations both depend on River for crops and new soil or nutrient-rich soil that happens thanks to annual flooding stages of Sumerian writing pictographs ideograms phonograms drawbacks of pictographs can't represent abstract ideas reasons priests ruled Samaria city-states  rep characteristics of Sumerian religion naturalistic polytheistic humanistic  (anthropomorphic)  reasons the Babylonians adopted Sumerian religion after conquering  Southern Mesopotamia people come and go God stay in the same place made principal left behind humorabi's Locker and I for an eye tooth for a tooth what is the gallery both slush money provided in a marriage contract that the bride's father gave the groom ways Egyptian life was dependent on the night (gift of the Nile)  source of water soil building materials transportation two ways of division of Egyptian history old middle and new kingdoms 30 dynasties purpose of pyramid afterlife home for Pharaohs dead Pharaoh became the god osiris  purpose of mummification so the ka will recognize its body and can use it in the afterlife Pharaoh's marriages practice Mary sisters to keep the bloodline design what ended in the middle  kingdom hyksos  invasion what akhenaton did that weekend Egypt during the New Kingdom changed the religion succeeded by King Tut importance of King Tut only kings tomb that to survive untouched in the 20th century certificates of the Rosetta stone  it unlocked the meaning of Hieroglyphics hittites invention chariots what the  Hittites were first to introduce After the flood Iron how the Bible is to relate the Hittites only reference until late 19th century and did the period of the mid-east peace incorporation between the Hittites and the Egyptians invasion of the sea people Venetian Fabrics rare purple expensive color the livelihood of the Phoenicians see trade Phoenicians established these throughout the Mediterranean Trading ports colonies three areas Phoenicians made significant contributions and alphabet navigation c train why did God choose Abraham believed God will fill his promises so God credited him with righteousness God's four-fold promised Abraham Offspring descendants land Canaan great name blessing to the world Christ reasons the Israelites had to wander in the desert for 40 years disbelieving generation had to die reasons Israelites wanted a king everyone else Nations had one Kingwood  Unite them king would make them stronger and more powerful Samuel Sons were worthless Israel's first King Saul Sullivan's mistake marrying foreign woman and practice adultery the consequences of Solomon's sin his son hair boss the Throne of Israel inheritance life principles Illustrated in the lives of David and Solomon sin within the Covenant sin progresses your actions affect your children God will forgive anything sin always have consequences how a assyrians controlled captives Terror how assyrians destroyed and enemy sense of nationalism supporting them and forced to mix in with other groups my God protected Jerusalem from Assyrians King Hezekiah turned his heart to God results of the battle of cartism Chaldeans become dominant Middle East power end of a Syrian Empire Egypt reduced to Second rate power why Judah Jerusalem fell to the  Chaldeans the Hebrews were Unfaithful and practice adultery Built for Nebuchadnezzar's homesick wife Hanging Gardens Babylon fell in 539 BC to Persians reason Cypress able to take over Mede’s Empire Mede king (astyages)  immoral is impopular get support of mede’s  top General(harpagus) Cypress reputation for fairness and justice Persian principle of law once lost it cannot be changed not even by the king how person Kings get information quickly Pony Express reasons more successful with conquered Nations than Assyrians /  Chaldeans allowed greater freedom in all areas zoroasterian’  creator of God Ahura masda zooaster  taught that individuals are responsible to choose between Good and Evil significance of schleyman and Evans accomplished push back timeline of European history over 1,000 years proved Greek myths were based on facts launched and popularized modern archeology but no one's both based on sea trade reasons lingerie and Leonard B are not helpful and understanding minoan history letter A not yet translated Linear B are mostly trade list not that many tablets have been found cnossus  minoan Kings Palace / capital reasons for why Minoans fell to messenience messinians more warlike Titus slaying the Minotaur earthquake damage the structures on Crete tsunami / tidal wave caused the volcanoes explosion on thorough wiping out minoan Fleet indications that my synonyms for warlike War themes in art cities were bald Homer portrayed them as Warriors Elliot and odyssey weapons found in Graves possible causes of Trojan war competition over sea trade receiving a stolen kidnapped woman must piracy name four forms of government found in ancient Greece limited monarchy oligarchy tyranny democracyWhat are the reasons Greek colonized Primogeniture  lack of food overpopulation lack of metal how does Aristocrats use colonies pushed to banish political troublemakers what hindranced the development of United Greek Nation mountains competition Spirit loyalty was city-state-based what were silence reforms canceling debt laws to prevent tax slavery helped peasants learn new skills opened aristocratic assemblies to all citizens what is oratory Such a useful skill in Greek democracy persuade people how to vote on issues what was the main reason for Sparta severe and Military approach to life to maintain control over more numerous he lets slaves what were the purposes of Education in Athens provide foundation for a richer Fuller more enjoyable life give more  people more opportunities to do varieties of things created a useful and versatile citizen reasons Darius first attacked Greece and 490 BC revenge for Greek inference in the ionian Revolt the next logical place to expand the Persian Empire to gain of the rich again see trait what is the significance of the Battle of Marathon Athenians gained tremendous self-confidence and pride of things will begin to take a leader role among the city states  begins with tension with Sparta because it did not help Athens what is the original purpose of the Delaney and what has happened to protect against other person invasions it became an Athenian Empire what is the real purpose of perciles funeral oratation  motivation that Athenians to keep fighting Sparta what her Athens during the course of the Peloponnesian War plague wipes out 1/3 of Athens major battle lost at syricus  spider received help from the Persians  how did the Palestinian War hurt democracy many blame the  democracy in Athens for causing mishandling and prolonging the war why so much of outstanding culture development during the Golden Age came from Athens Athens headed the wealth such money to spend on developing its culture person North gave the famous tremendous self-confidence Athenians_____ emphasize being cultural while rounded Athenians have been recruited townspeople since the time of sun pericles promoted cultural development What themes are found in Greek tragedy everyone suffers Pride hubris leads to downfall character flaws lead to wrong decisions Manus victim of Fate Misfortune results from breaking and natural law what is the purpose of a fable teaching a lesson immoral what was the Greeks belief regarding the movement of heavenly bodies controlled by natural law  what was the purpose of philosophyAccording to the sophist to help gain power and wealth what was the Socratic method questions students to arrive at truth what was Pluto's idea form of government philosopher king wise rulers Why did Aristotle believe about true knowledge based on study analysis  in classificationWhat is the purpose of the League of Corinth to invade conquer Persia reasons for Alexander's victory at both Isis and Guatemala King Darius flood in the middle of the battle reasons Alexander's first   conquered the Mediterranean Coast before invading Into the Heart of the Persian Empire protect against Persian launching a naval attack on Macedonia what was the Ezekiel 27 prophecy about destruction of tyre  fulfilled by Alexander reasons why Alexander began to lose the part of his men they were home slip he was acting two-person he was pushing them too hard and too far beyond the original goal he was getting drunk and acting cruel Alexander's helenizing strategy intermarriage between macedonians and Persians planting model cities Alexandria's