ap human geography ;; day 3 video notes

video one - 5 themes of geography (mr. help)

1. movement.

  • movement is defined as the mobility of people, goods, and ideas.

  • heavily involved in trade, transportation, migration, and communication.

2. region (more below).

  • region is defined as a geographic area with common characteristics and/or patterns of activity.

  • we can use regions to define multiple places at once, as opposed to just listing out the countries.

  • formal region - a geographic area that has common attributes and traditionally by economic, political, social, or environmental characteristics.

  • functional region - a geographic area organized around a node, or center point, that is often based around specific economic activities, travel, or communication.

  • perceptual region - a geographic area that has no perfect definition, but exists only because of people’s beliefs, feelings, and attitudes of the region.

3. human-environment interaction.

  • this focuses on the relationships between humans and their environment.

  • agriculture, manufacturing, and even daily life shows humans interacting with their environment.

4. location.

  • location refers to the specific position or coordinates of a place on the Earth’s surface.

  • absolute location - the exact spot where something is located.

  • relative location - a description of a location using surrounding geographic features.

5. place.

  • place is the unique physical (rivers, mountains, climate, etc) and human characteristics (religion, language, population, etc) of a location.

video two - types of regions in geography

1. formal region.

  • also known as a uniform region; characterized by common physical or cultural features that include language, religion, political boundaries, climate, or land-use patterns.

  • specialized economic zone - regions within a country that provide different economic incentive, with the objective of attracting foreign investment and promoting economic growth.

2. functional region.

  • also known as a “nodal region”; a geographic area organized around a node/center point often based around economic activities, transportation, and communication.

3. perceptual region.

  • also known as a vernacular region; based around perceptions, feelings, and associations of a geographic area. there’s NO set boundary!

video three - land use patterns

1. residential land use.

  • areas primarily designed for housing; these areas can vary WILDLY, from suburbs to apartments.

2. commercial land use.

  • areas primarily designed for business and commercial activities; transportation areas are normally closeby.

3. transportation and infrastructure land use.

  • areas occupied by transportation networks like roads, airports, seaports, etc.

4. industrial land use.

  • areas associated with manufacturing, production, and other industrial activities such as factories, warehouses, industrial parks, or specialized industrial zones.

5. agricultural land use.

  • consists of areas used for farming, cultivation, and agricultural production. varies depending on climate, practices, and soil quality.

  • agrarian economy - an economy that is based on agriculture, with the majority of the population involved in farming.

6. institutional land use.

  • areas designated for public facilities such as schools, hospitals, libraries, or community centers; these provide valuable services to the community.

7. open space and recreational land use.

  • areas set aside for green spaces, sports centers, or other recreational events; provides leisure for residents.

8. mixed use.

  • combines multiple different types of land use in one area.

video four - reference and thematic maps

reference maps.

  • informal maps that show boundaries, toponyms, and geographic features of a place.

  1. political maps

  2. physical maps

  3. topographic maps

  4. road maps\

thematic maps.

  • maps that display spatial patterns of places and use quantitative data to display information on specific topics

  1. choropleth maps

  2. dot density map

  3. graduated symbol map

  4. flow line maps

cartogram maps.

  • maps that show data in a dynamic way with the largest value represented by the largest area, and the smallest value represented by the smallest area.