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1. Who was the first student of government?
A: Aristotle.
2. What is a political community?
A: A state.
3. What is an independent state or government also called?
A: A country or nation.
4. What is the social contract associated with?
A: Thomas Hobbes.
5. What is a main task of government?
A: National security.
6. What does it mean when a state has supreme power?
A: Sovereignty.
7. What institution maintains social order?
A: Government.
8. What are the origins of the state?
A: Divine right, social contract, and evolution.
9. Which philosopher influenced colonies declaring independence?
A: John Locke.
10. What did Abraham Lincoln emphasize providing?
A: Public services.
11. What system has key powers held by the national government?
A: Unitary system.
12. What is a loose union of independent states called?
A: Confederacy.
13. What limits government powers?
A: Constitutional government.
14. What system divides power between levels of government?
A: Federal system.
15. What describes nations depending on one another?
A: Interdependent.
16. What plan provides the rules for government?
A: Constitution.
17. What part of the Constitution states the goals and purposes of government?
A: Preamble.
18. What defines the extent and limits of a government?
A: Constitutional law.
19. What are you participating in when you vote for school levies?
A: Politics.
20. What type of nation is the United States?
A: An industrialized nation.
21. What is the free-enterprise system called?
A: Capitalism.
22. What is a hands-off government policy in economics called?
A: Laissez-faire.
23. Who are the bourgeoisie?
A: Capitalists (owners).
24. Who are the proletariat?
A: Workers.
25. What economic system is a command economy?
A: Communism.
26. Who provided the philosophy for a free market?
A: Adam Smith.
27. What system has government owning the basic means of production?
A: Socialism.
28. What type of system hinders economies and economic growth?
A: Socialism.
29. What type of economy does the United States have?
A: A mixed-market economy.
30. Who is associated with communism?
A: Karl Marx.
31. What does approved mean?
A: Ratified.
32. What is a single-chambered Congress called?
A: Unicameral.
33. What was needed to pass a law under the Articles of Confederation?
A: Approval of 9 out of 13 states.
34. What was needed to amend the Articles of Confederation?
A: Consent of all 13 states.
35. Yeild territory claims under the articles the plan did not include.
A: Cede
36. What branch of government was NOT included in the Articles of Confederation?
A: Executive branch.
37. According to the Articles, what was the main purpose of government?
A: Foreign affairs and defense.
38. What power did Congress have under the Articles?
A: Enter into treaties.
39. What economic problem caused Shays’ Rebellion?
A: Economic depression.
40. What event caused many Americans to support a stronger national government?
A: Shays’ Rebellion.
41. Who argued that the government must follow the Constitution?
A: James Madison.
42. What is trade among states called?
A: Interstate commerce.
43. Who sat in the Rising Sun chair at the Constitutional Convention?
A: George Washington.
44. What is anarchy?
A: Political disorder.
45. Which state did not send a representative to the Constitutional Convention?
A: Rhode Island.
46. Which plan/compromise created a legislative branch with a House of Representatives and a Senate?
A: Connecticut Compromise.
47. What major issue required compromise to create the new government?
A: Slavery.
48. What was the Federalists’ main argument?
A: A strong national government was necessary.
49. What was the Anti-Federalists’ main argument?
A: A Bill of Rights was needed to protect individual freedoms.
51. Which article establishes the Legislative Branch?
A: Article I.
52. Which article establishes the Supreme Court?
A: Article III.
53. What principle means ruled by the people?
A: Popular sovereignty.
54. What system divides power between the national and state governments?
A: Federalism.
55. What is needed to override a presidential veto?
A: A two-thirds vote of each house of Congress.
56. Where are the six goals of government listed?
A: The Preamble.
57. Where are the branches of government described?
A: The Articles.
58. How does the Constitution respond to change?
A: Through amendments.
59. How can the President check Congress?
A: Veto.
60. Who has final authority in interpreting the Constitution?
A: The Supreme Court.
61. What branch includes the federal bureaucracy?
A: The Executive Branch.
62.Expressed Powers
A: Include the oustic clause
63. What are enumerated powers?
A: Powers directly stated in the Constitution.
64. What was the first home of Congress?
A: New York City.
65. What principle elevated the Supreme Court’s power?
A: Judicial review.
66. What clause gives Congress the power to make all laws “necessary and proper”?
A: The Elastic Clause.
67. Which article describes the Executive Branch?
A: Article II.
68. What example shows how individuals can change government policy?
A: The Americans with Disabilities Act.
69. What type of case is NOT under federal court jurisdiction?
A: Divorce cases.
70. How can Supreme Court decisions be overturned?
A: By constitutional amendments.
Got it — here are question & answer based only on what’s in the image:
Q: What does amendment approval mean?
A: Ratification.
Q: What is a petition?
A: A formal request to the government.
Q: What is an appeal?
A: A request to a higher court to review a case.
Q: What is an accusation by Congress called?
A: Impeachment.
Q: What is an agreement between nations called?
A: A treaty.
Q: Who is associated with judicial activism?
A: Chief Justice Earl Warren.
Q: How did the Founders provide for change?
A: By describing how to amend the Constitution.
Q: What is the only method of amending the Constitution?
A: A two-thirds vote of each house of Congress.
Q: What proposed amendment caused questions when states revoked ratification?
A: The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA).
Q: In modern times, what limit has Congress set on state ratification?
A: 7 years.
Q: What action between heads of state does NOT require congressional approval?
A: An executive agreement.
80. What are the three types of powers held by the government?
Answer: (delegated)
81. What type of power is directly stated in the Constitution?
Answer: Expressed
82. What type of power is based on the Necessary and Proper Clause?
Answer: Implied
83. What type of powers are reserved to the states?
Answer: State powers (reserved powers)
84. state powers are?
Answer: Concurrent powers
85. What power includes government control of immigration?
Answer: Implied power
86. What makes the acts and treaties of the U.S. supreme over state laws?
Answer: Supremacy Clause
87. What power is denied to the national government by the Constitution,
Answer l:taxing exports?
88. What is a constitutional obligation of the national government to protect from external threats?
Answer: Protect from invasion
89. What is a responsibility of the national government regarding elections?
Answer: Pay for national elections
Perfect! Let’s turn what you read into a numbered Q&A format like last time:
⸻
90. What are the periods called when Congress meets to conduct business?
Answer: Congressional meeting sessions
91. Which is the longest body of Congress?
Answer: House of Representatives
92. How many members does each state send to the Senate?
Answer: Two members from each state
93. What is the formal disapproval of a senator’s actions called?
Answer: Censure
94. What are the benefits or privileges senators receive called?
Answer: Franking privileges
95. From where are Representatives elected?
Answer: Congressional districts
96. What is the abuse of redistricting power called when districts are drawn with unequal influence?
Answer: Gerrymandering
97. How long is a senator’s term?
Answer: Six years
98. What is one reason incumbents are often reelected?
Answer: Support from PACs (Political Action Committees)
99. Can members of Congress be arrested while attending Congress?
Answer: Yes, but only for serious offenses