Driver's Handbook Notes

Chapter 1 Licence Classifications

Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) program ensures new drivers get support and experience.
GDL improves road safety by providing a controlled environment for new drivers.

Stage One: Learner (Class 7)

Requirements to obtain a Learner’s Licence:
- Must be 14 years or older.
- Pass vision screening and knowledge test.
- Parental consent if under 18.
- Valid identification.
Learner’s conditions:
- Hold Class 7 for at least one year.
- Accompanied by a fully licensed (non-GDL probationary) driver who is 18 years or older, seated next to the driver.
- No driving from midnight to 5 a.m.
- Passengers limited to the number of seat belts.
- Suspension at 8 demerit points (fully licensed drivers at 15).
- Zero alcohol level.
- If learning to drive a motorcycle, you must be 16 years of age, no nighttime driving, and accompanied by a fully licensed driver (non-GDL probationary) 18 years of age or older who is either seated on the motorcycle with you or is following you in or on another motor vehicle.
- Operators of a moped with a Class 7 licence are subject to the zero alcohol level restriction and are not permitted to drive during nighttime hours.

Stage Two: GDL Probationary (Class 5)

Requirements to become a probationary driver:
- Be 16 years or older.
- Pass the standard Alberta Class 5 road test.
Probationary conditions:
- Minimum of two years as a probationary driver.
- Passengers limited to the number of seat belts.
- Suspension at 8 demerit points (fully licensed drivers at 15).
- Zero alcohol level.
- No upgrading to a commercial licence (Classes 1, 2, 3, or 4).
- Cannot serve as an accompanying driver to a learner.

Non-Probationary Licence (Class 5)

Requirements to become a fully licensed driver:
- Been suspension free for the last year of the two-year probationary stage.
- Pass an advanced road test.
Minimum of three years to complete the learners and probationary stages.
It will take four years if you get your Learner’s licence at 14 years of age.
Motorcycle Licence (Class 6) after Class 7 licence, you are subject to the same conditions of the Graduated Driver Licensing Program.
To obtain detailed information about Advanced road test visit our web site at: www.transportation.alberta.ca/543.htm

Licence Classifications

Photo identification card:
- Minimum age is 12 years.
- Issued to anyone who does not qualify for, or wish to get an operator’s licence.
- Does not permit anyone to drive or learn to drive any type of motor vehicle.
- To apply, provide acceptable identification, be an Alberta resident, and have written consent from a parent/guardian if under 18.
- The photo identification card must be returned when you get an operator’s licence.

Class 7

A person 14 years of age or older, may apply for a Learners Operator’s Licence. A parent or guardian must give consent on the application if the person applying is under 18 years of age.
The holder of a Class 7 operator’s licence may operate the following:
- A vehicle or combination of vehicles that the holder of a Class 5 operator’s licence may operate as a learner.
- A motorcycle (for learning) if the holder of the licence is 16 years of age or older.
- A moped.

Class 6

The minimum learning or licensing age is 16 years of age.
The holder of a Class 6 operator’s licence may operate the following:
- A motorcycle.
- A moped.
A Class 6 licence also allows you to drive as a learner in the motor vehicles listed under the Class 5 category.
A motorcycle must be provided for a Class 6 road test.

Class 5

The minimum learning age is 14 years and the minimum licensing age is 16 years. Anyone applying for a licence under the age of 18 years must have parental or guardian consent.
The holder of a Class 5 operator’s licence may operate the following:
- A two-axle single motor vehicle.
- A recreational vehicle with not more than three-axles.
- A two-axle motor vehicle or a two-axle recreational vehicle towing a trailer with one or more axles, if the trailer is not equipped with air brakes.
- A three-axle recreational vehicle and a trailer if the trailer has not more than two-axles and is not equipped with air brakes.
- A moped.
- All motor vehicles included under Classes 1, 2, 3 and 4 for learning only and the learner is at least 18 years of age.
- A two-axle Class 2 or 4-type vehicle without passengers.
- A motorcycle for learning only.
- Drivers of single-motor vehicles registered as farm vehicles do not require an air brake “Q” endorsement.
The holder of a Class 5 operator’s licence shall not operate:
- A motorcycle.
- A motor vehicle with a seating capacity of more than 15 while that vehicle is transporting any person other than the driver.
- A motor vehicle transporting passengers for hire.
- A motor vehicle equipped with air brakes, unless the operator has an air brake endorsement.
- Drivers of single-motor vehicles registered as farm vehicles do not require an air brake “Q” endorsement.
You must provide a two-axle motor vehicle, excluding a motorcycle, for the road test. If the vehicle provided for the road test is equipped with air brakes, you must have either an air brake “Q” endorsement or a course completion certificate from an approved air brake course. The exception would be two- axle air brake equipped vehicles registered in Alberta as farm vehicles.

Class 4

The minimum learning or licensing age is 18 years. You may not apply for a Class 4 operator’s licence as a probationary driver.
The holder of a Class 4 operator’s licence may operate the following:
- Any motor vehicle or combination of vehicles that the holder of a Class 5 operator’s licence may operate.
- A bus that has a seating capacity of not more than 24, excluding the operator.
- An ambulance or taxi.
- All motor vehicles under classes 1, 2, 3 and 6 for learning only.
You must provide a Class 5 vehicle or a bus with a seating capacity not exceeding 24 passengers excluding the operator for a road test. An air brake “Q” endorsement is required to operate air brake equipped vehicles. If the vehicle provided for the road test is equipped with air brakes, you must have either an air brake “Q” endorsement or a course completion certificate from an approved air brake course.

Class 3

The minimum learning or licensing age is 18 years. You may not apply for a Class 3 operator’s licence as a probationary driver.
The holder of a Class 3 operator’s licence may operate the following:
- Any motor vehicle or combination of vehicles that the holder of a Class 5 operator’s licence may operate.
- A single motor vehicle with three or more axles.
- A single motor vehicle with three or more axles towing a trailer with one or more axles, if the trailer is not equipped with air brakes.
- Class 2 or 4 type vehicles without passengers.
- All motor vehicles under Classes 1, 2 and 6 for learning only.
The holder of a Class 3 operator's licence shall not operate a motor vehicle:
- That has a seating capacity of more than 15, while that vehicle is transporting any person other than the driver.
- To transport passengers for hire.
You must provide a single motor vehicle having three or more axles for the road test. An air brake “Q” endorsement is required to operate air brake equipped vehicles. If the vehicle provided for the road test is equipped with air brakes, you must have either an air brake “Q” endorsement or a course completion certificate from an approved air brake course.

Class 2

The minimum learning or licensing age is 18 years. You may not apply for a Class 2 operator’s licence as a probationary driver.
The holder of a Class 2 operator’s licence may operate the following:
- A bus.
- Any motor vehicle or combination of vehicles that the holder of a Class 3, 4 or 5 operator’s licence may operate.
- Class 1 and 6 type vehicles for learning only.
You must provide a bus with a seating capacity exceeding 24 passengers excluding the operator for a road test. An air brake “Q” endorsement is required to operate air brake equipped vehicles. If the vehicle provided for the road test is equipped with air brakes, you must have either an air brake “Q” endorsement or a course completion certificate from an approved air brake course.

Class 1

The minimum learning or licensing age is 18 years. You may not apply for a Class 1 operator’s licence as a probationary driver.
The holder of a Class 1 operator’s licence may operate the following:
- Any motor vehicle or combination of vehicles other than a motorcycle.
- Class 6 type vehicles for learning only.
You must provide a tractor-trailer combination with three or more axles, equipped with air brakes for the road test. Proof of your air brake “Q” endorsement or a course completion certificate from an approved air brake course is required before a road test will be given. This also includes drivers of farm vehicles registered as tractor-trailers.

Learning Requirements – All Classes

Learning without an operator’s licence is not permitted.
While learning in Classes 2 or 4, you are not permitted to carry passengers other than an instructor.
Instructor must be a non (Graduated Driver Licence) probationary driver.

Definitions

Air brakes: (air to all foundation brakes). An air brake vehicle is where the vehicle’s braking system is initiated by air pressure obtained from an engine-driven compressor and transmits the pressure through a series of hoses, reservoirs and control valves to all the vehicle’s foundation brakes. An air brake “Q” endorsement or Class 1 licence is required.
Air and hydraulic braking system: (combination of air and hydraulic foundation brakes). An air over hydraulic braking system is where some of the vehicle’s axles have air actuated foundation brakes and some of the vehicle’s axles have hydraulic foundation brakes. An air brake “Q” endorsement or Class 1 licence is required.
Air actuated hydraulic braking system: (air assisted, but all foundation brakes are hydraulic). An air actuated hydraulic braking system is where an air compressor is used to boost the hydraulic system to all the vehicle’s foundation brakes. An air brake “Q” endorsement is NOT required.
Ambulance: An emergency vehicle that is designed for the transportation of injured persons and is equipped with rescue or first aid equipment.
Axle: Means one or more shafts on which two or more wheels revolve.
Bus: A motor vehicle that is:
- Designed for carrying 11 or more persons, including the person driving the vehicle (TSA section $130(1)(i)$ ).
- Registered as a school bus. A school bus means a motor vehicle used primarily for transporting persons to and from a school.
- Registered as a commercial bus.
Highway: A “highway” means any thoroughfare, street, road, trail, avenue, parkway, driveway, viaduct, lane, alley, square, bridge, causeway, trestleway or other place or any part of any of them, whether publicly or privately owned, that the public is ordinarily entitled or permitted to use for the passage or parking of vehicles and includes:
- A sidewalk, including a boulevard adjacent to the sidewalk.
- If a ditch lies adjacent to and parallel with the roadway, the ditch, and.
- If a highway right of way is contained between fences or between a fence and one side of the roadway, all the land between the fences, or all the land between the fence and the edge of the roadway, as the case may be, but does not include a place declared by regulation not to be a highway.
Licenced driver examiner: A person who conducts road tests on behalf of the Alberta government. These are private sector individuals trained, licenced, monitored and audited by Alberta Transportation.
Operator or driver: A person who drives or is in actual physical control of a vehicle.
Operator’s licence: A licence to operate a motor vehicle issued pursuant to the Traffic Safety Act. A person shall not drive a motor vehicle on a highway unless that person’s operator’s licence is in that person’s possession. On the request of a peace officer, a person driving a motor vehicle shall produce their subsisting operator’s licence, insurance and registration. Ensure that these documents are with you every time you operate a motor vehicle.
“Q” Endorsement An endorsement “Q” will be placed on any class operator’s licence, except Class 1, when a client successfully completes an approved Alberta air brake course through an authorized agency. Since a Class 1 licence may not be obtained without the operator first having qualified for an air brake endorsement, the actual “Q” endorsement will not appear on the Class 1 licence.
Recreational vehicle: A motor vehicle designed or used for travel with temporary living accommodation for vacation or camping purposes.

Applying for your licence

When applying for an Alberta operator’s licence you must have proof of identification. For information on the identification requirements, please contact a registry agent or visit the Service Alberta web site at: www.servicealberta.gov.ab.ca
An operator’s licence may only be issued to residents of Alberta. A resident is a person lawfully entitled to be in Canada, who makes their home in Alberta and is ordinarily present in Alberta. Applicants originating from outside Canada or the United States must produce suitable immigration documents to be considered as residents. Persons on student or employment visas can apply as residents only for the time period specified on their visas.

Parental consent requirement

If you are under the age of 18, and are making an operator’s licence application for the first time, your parent or guardian, who must show proof of guardianship, must accompany you to a registry office to sign consent on your licence application.
If they do, the operator’s licence will be suspended. The signature of your parent or guardian is not required if you can prove you are married or self-supporting.

Non-Alberta licences

A person who is authorized to drive a motor vehicle of a particular class or type under a valid licence or permit issued in a jurisdiction outside Alberta is not required to hold a subsisting operator’s licence if the person drives the same type or class of motor vehicle in Alberta.

New residents

People who have recently moved into Alberta may use a valid operator’s licence from outside of Alberta for the first 90 days of their residency. You must apply for your Alberta operator’s licence and surrender your old licence within those 90 days. It is illegal to hold more than one valid operator’s licence.
An operator’s licence from another jurisdiction within Canada is accepted as the same Class without testing. Applicants for Class 1, 2 or 4 licences must provide a medical report and undergo a vision screening. United States licence holders other than those in Class 5, 6 and 7 must complete all requirements. Upon application, you may be required to provide documents to prove residency. For details, inquire at your local registry agent’s office.

International licence

A non-resident holding an International Operator’s Licence issued outside of Canada, may use their licence to operate a particular class or type of motor vehicle. This only applies if the person operates the same type or class of motor vehicle in Alberta. They may use this licence for 12 months or until it expires, whichever comes first.

Student

A student is not required to obtain an Alberta operator’s licence when operating a motor vehicle if the following apply:
- The student is authorized to operate a motor vehicle of the same type or class by the laws of the jurisdiction in which the student ordinarily resides.
- The documents required by the laws of the jurisdiction where the student ordinarily resides are carried by the student or are in the vehicle.
- The student must carry proof showing that they are a full time student in this province.

Vision screening

A vision screening is required before you can get your Alberta operator’s licence. If you do not meet the minimum vision standards, you will be referred to a vision specialist. If you have corrective glasses or contact lenses, bring them with you for your vision screening.

Medical requirements

It is your responsibility and legal obligation to report any disease or disability that may interfere with the safe operation of a motor vehicle. This report must be made to Alberta Registries. The registry agent will forward the medical report to Alberta Transportation (Driver Fitness and Monitoring Branch). Medical forms may be obtained from a registry agent or your doctor. Your doctor must complete this form.
A person who is 75 years of age or older and who applies for an operator’s licence or needs to renew a licence must file a medical report and undergo a vision screening. The medical report must be completed and signed by a physician.
A person who applies for, or renews a Class 1, 2 or 4 operator’s licence must also submit a completed medical report. This is required:
- Every five years to age 45.
- Every two years from age 45 to 65.
- Every year after age 65.
Alberta Transportation may ask for a medical exam at any age to determine your medical fitness to operate a motor vehicle. All licence terms (length) are dependent on established medical guidelines. This applies to all licence holders.

Conditions

Conditions may be placed on an operator’s licence for many reasons, such as wearing adequate vision correction, restricted driving area or daylight driving only. Condition codes are explained on the back of the operator’s licence. For information regarding restrictions, or removal of a restriction, contact any registry agent.

Knowledge test

To obtain your licence, you will need to pass a knowledge test. The test is based on questions taken from this handbook. They may also be taken from the other handbooks if applicable. You will be asked about safe driving practices, driving laws and road signs.

Road test

Once you feel that you have practised enough and are ready for the road test, you must:
- Buy a test permit from any registry agent.
- Make an appointment for a road test through a registry agent.
- Have a vehicle that qualifies for the licence Class you are being tested for.
- If the vehicle provided is equipped with air brakes, you must have either an air brake “Q” endorsement or a course completion certificate from an approved air brake course.
- Wear corrective lenses if required.
The examiner will check your vehicle before the test. If it is not mechanically safe, the examiner will refuse the test. If a vehicle is required to display dangerous goods placards, it cannot be used for the road test.
When you take the road test, you are expected to drive in a safe and reasonable manner. Only you and the examiner are allowed in the vehicle. No other passengers or pets are allowed. The only exception occurs when the examiner is accompanied by a government official in the course of being monitored.
The examiner will not ask you to do anything that is unsafe or against the law. You will only be asked to do things that are part of everyday driving in Alberta.
The vehicle for your road test must be in acceptable working condition and must have the following:
- A valid licence plate and insurance.
- Headlights, brake lights and signal lights.
- Horn.
- Speedometer.
- Brakes/park brake.
- Unobstructed windshield/wipers.
- Tires.
- Driver and passenger doors.
- Vehicle seats/seat belts.
- Exhaust system/muffler.
- Mirrors.
- Enough fuel for a road test.
The road test will assess your ability and knowledge in the following areas:
- To identify and use the controls in the vehicle.
- Operate the vehicle with skill and control.
- Use of signals.
- Left and right turns.
- Proper use of traffic lanes.
- Drive in reverse.
- Right-of-way judgement: vehicle and pedestrian.
- Speed management.
- Parking: parallel/hill/angle.
- Obey traffic control signs and signals.
- Demonstrate good driving practices.
Road test failures may result from:
- Lack of skill and control.
- Difficulty obeying traffic laws.
- Too many errors.
- Traffic violation.
- Unsafe action.
Unless discontinued, the minimum time for a Class 5 road test is 25 minutes.
Upon completion of the road test, the examiner will advise you of your errors and tell you how to correct them. You will be given a copy of the Driver Examination Checklist form, which will outline the results of your test. If you are required to repeat the road test, you will be told when you can take the test again. You are permitted to take only one road test per day.

Upgrading your licence

When upgrading your licence (other than Class 7 to 5) you must present proof that you have completed a knowledge and vision screening through a registry agent office. Upgrading to a Class 1, 2 or 4 licence will also require a medical report.
If the vehicle provided for the road test is equipped with air brakes, you must have either an air brake “Q” endorsement or a course completion certificate from an approved air brake course. The exception would be two- axle air brake equipped vehicles registered in Alberta as farm vehicles.
A fee will be charged for each knowledge test, road test and for the final licence reclassification service. For information regarding current fees, contact any registry agent office or driver examiner.
Driving with the wrong licence class is against the law. It is an offense for vehicle owners to allow their vehicle to be used by someone who does not have the proper class of licence for that vehicle.

Licences: duplicate/renewal/changes

If your operator’s licence is lost, stolen, destroyed or unreadable, you must apply for a duplicate licence immediately at a registry agent office. In the case of stolen licences, you must provide a copy of a police report. All services for your operator’s licence must be done in person.
A renewal application will be mailed to your registered address before the expiry date. You must renew your operator’s licence before it expires. If you do not receive your application, you must go to a registry agent office. It is your responsibility to renew your operator’s licence.
To change your name/address on your operator’s licence visit a registry agent. You are required by law to notify Alberta Registries of a name and/ or address change immediately. You may be required to properly identify yourself before any change, replacement or renewal can be made.

Registration and insurance

Registration

Motor vehicles and trailers must be registered before they are allowed on Alberta’s roads.
No registration certificate shall be issued to any person under the age of 18 years, unless the application for registration is also signed by a parent or guardian. Remember a parent or guardian has the right to withdraw their consent in writing during this time. If they do, the licence plate and vehicle registration will be suspended. The signature of your parent or guardian is not required if you can prove you are married or self-supporting.
People are given a renewal date based on the first letter of their last name. This will always fall in the same month every year when a renewal is required.
In Alberta, licence plates remain with the owner of the vehicle and are not transferable to another person.
When you move to Alberta, you must register your vehicle within three months.

Insurance requirements

All motor vehicles must be insured with a public liability insurance policy as outlined in the Alberta Insurance Act.
It is illegal to operate an uninsured motor vehicle.
Minimum insurance required is $200,000$ for third party liability.
Your insurance company issues a financial responsibility card (pink card) which must be produced when registering a vehicle and when requested by a peace officer.

Buying and selling a vehicle

When you buy an Alberta-registered vehicle you must make sure that Section 2 of the registration is completed and signed by the previous owner. When purchasing a vehicle in Alberta, it must be registered. To do this, you will require the following:
- Bill of sale (proof of ownership).
- Valid Alberta insurance.
- Personal identification.
A bill of sale must contain the following:
- The date of purchase.
- The buyer’s name.
- The vehicle description (make, year and vehicle identification number).
- The signature of the previous owner or authorizing party.

Newly acquired motor vehicles

When you purchase or acquire a motor vehicle, you may use the valid licence plate that was issued for your previous vehicle. You must transfer the registration to the newly acquired vehicle within 14 days and have valid insurance. If you are a first time owner, you will receive a new licence plate upon registering the vehicle.

Vehicle registration renewal

The renewal form is mailed to you prior to the expiry of the current vehicle registration.
Alberta Registries must have a record of your current address. If not, you may not receive your renewal form.
You can renew your vehicle registration at any registry agent office.

Licence plate transfer/exchanges

You may transfer a licence plate to another vehicle within the same class by completing the necessary application and paying the required fee at any registry agent office. A new plate or validation tab is not issued.
You may exchange a licence plate for another class and put it on a new vehicle. A new plate and tab will be issued upon payment of the required fee.
You may not transfer your plate to another person.

Trailer plates

A trailer licence plate is issued for a one-time fee and is valid for as many years as the current issue of licence plates is recognized. If you purchase a different trailer, you can transfer your existing plate to the new trailer but you must go to a registry agent office to have this processed.

Chapter 2 Traffic Controls

Knowing the shape of a sign will enable a driver to judge in advance the type of message to be expected. the standardization of colours and symbols to signs also assists the driver in recognizing the meaning of signs.
Directions given by a police officer overrule traffic signs or signals.

Sign shapes and colors

Red octagon: Stop.
White square with red circle and slash: Prohibitive message.
Red triangle with white border: Yield.
White square with green circle: Permissive message.
White rectangle: Regulatory message.
Fluorescent yellow green pentagon: School area.
Black rectangle: One way.
Black square: Lane use designation.
Orange diamond: Construction warning.
Green rectangle: Direction.
Brown or Blue square: Roadside facilities.
Yellow diamond: Warning.

Regulatory Signs

Regulatory signs indicate a traffic regulation that applies at a specific time or place. They indicate what must be done or what cannot be done.
Stop sign. Stop line, crosswalk, intersection
Yield sign.
Do not enter.
Railway crossing.
Traffic direction signs: Proceed in direction of arrow only, Two way traffic, Divider ahead – keep right.

Speed limits

Speed limits do not indicate the speed you should travel. They are the maximum speed permitted if conditions are favourable. Any speed that is unsafe under the prevailing conditions is illegal.
100 km/h is the maximum speed limit for a primary highway that is located outside an urban area.
80 km/h is the maximum speed limit for other non-primary highways outside an urban area.
50 km/h is the maximum speed limit for a highway that is located within an urban area.

Designated lane signs

These signs indicate which lanes you may use to make a turn or to go straight. If you are in the designated lane, you must follow the direction that is indicated by the arrows.
Since certain intersections may allow two vehicles to be turning at the same time, carefully maintain your lane position during and after the turn.
Reserved lane signs indicate that lanes are reserved for use by specific vehicles such as buses, taxis and bicycles. The symbol on the sign will designate the type of vehicles permitted to travel in that lane. Reserved lanes that are designated for part-time operation will show the hours of the day and the days of the week when the lane is reserved.

Permissive manoeuvre signs

The permissive symbol is a green circle. The symbol that is depicted within the green circle is permitted.
Permissive route signs: Truck route, Motorized snow vehicles allowed, Dangerous goods route, Bicycles allowed.

Prohibitive manoeuvre signs

The prohibitive symbol is a red circle and a diagonal red bar. The symbol that is depicted within the red circle is prohibited.
Prohibitive access signs: No trucks allowed, No motorized snow vehicles allowed, No pedestrians allowed, No bicycles allowed, Dangerous goods prohibited
Prohibitive parking and stopping

Crossing signs

Pedestrian crosswalk, School crosswalk

Warning Signs

Warning signs give drivers advance warning of potentially hazardous conditions on or near a road.
Stop ahead, Yield ahead, Traffic control signals ahead, School bus stop ahead
Turn or curve signs: Single turn right, Curve right, Reverse turn left Reverse curve left, Single turn left, Winding road
Crossings: Pedestrian crossing ahead, Animal crossing, Moose crossing, Bicycle crossing ahead Motorized snow vehicles crossing, School crosswalk ahead, Indicates the recommended maximum speed through this curve under ideal driving conditions.
Intersections: Concealed road, Concealed road left, Concealed road right, “T” Intersection, “Y” Intersection, “T” Intersection, Railway crossing ahead Trucks entering from the right, Dead end.
Converging roadways: Merging traffic, Added lane (free flow)
Narrow roadways: Road narrows both sides, Road narrows left, Road narrows right, Narrow passage
Lane ends: Lane ends, loss of left lane, loss of right lane, Divided highway, Divided highway begins, Divided highway ends
Other road conditions: Hill, Bump, Pavement ends, Slippery when wet, Hazard marker, Hazard marker, Rumble strips, Possibility of falling object on right, Possibility of falling object on left rocks or landslide

Information and Guide Signs

These signs indicate information for route selection, locating off road facilities and identifying geographical features or points of interest.
Route markers: Indicate numbers, names or other designations of roads.
Destination guide signs: Provides direction and distance to a destination.
Off road facilities: Indicate availability and direction to off road services or recreational facilities.
Route markers: Highway route marker, Highway route marker, Trans-Canada highway, Yellowhead highway, Highway information
Directional, Distance, Combination of direction and distance
Services: Hospital, Airport, Parking
Off-road facilities: Fuel, Food, Trailer campground, Telephone
Accommodation, RCMP or city police, Recreation area ahead

Road Construction

These signs warn you about road construction ahead. Be prepared to SLOW DOWN and STOP if required. Obey the flag person’s signal. Speed limits in construction zones must be obeyed at all times. This applies even when people and equipment are not working since hazards such as bumps, fresh oil and loose gravel may be present. If workers are present, the fines for speeding in these areas will be doubled.
People working, Flag person, Survey crew ahead, Uneven pavement, Detour next # km, Construction zone ends
This sign is placed on the back of slow moving vehicles such as farm tractors, machinery or construction equipment. These vehicles are designed for use at speeds that are less than 40 km/h. When you see this sign, reduce your speed.
Signs indicating services for persons with disabilities.
School zone signs, School area, School zone, The speed for both urban and rural school zones is 30 km/h unless otherwise posted,. You are not permitted to pass or attempt to pass another vehicle travelling in the same direction within a school zone during the hours when it is in effect, School zone ends
Playground zone signs: Playground area, Playground zone, The speed for both urban and rural playground zones is 30 km/h unless otherwise posted. You are not permitted to pass or attempt to pass another vehicle travelling in the same direction within a playground zone during the hours when it is in effect, Playground zone ends.
TTY Capabilities

Traffic Control Signals

The function of a traffic control signal is to assign the right of way between conflicting streams of traffic at an intersection. The orientation of traffic control signals may be vertical or horizontal.
Traffic control signal indicators; Steady red light, Steady amber light, Steady green light, Steady through green arrow light, Flashing green arrow light (left or right), Flashing red light, Flashing amber light, Flashing green light.
Pedestrian signal lights
Pedestrians facing a traffic control signal where a word or symbol indicating “walk” is shown, may enter the crosswalk or road and proceed in the direction of the light. A pedestrian facing a traffic signal where a word or symbol indicating “wait” or “don’t walk” is shown must not enter the crosswalk or road in the direction of the signal. Pedestrians, who have begun crossing legally, may complete their crossing.
Lane control signals: Lane control signals are used to indicate and control the direction of traffic movements on individual lanes of a road. The most common use of this control is in reversible lanes where one lane of traffic may serve different directions of traffic during different time periods. Steady red “X”, Downward pointing green arrow

Pavement Markings

Pavement markings serve a variety of functions, including lane definition, separation of opposing traffic flows, separation of traffic moving in the same direction, passing zones, lane usage and designation, pedestrian crosswalks, stop lines, parking areas, word or symbol messages
Yellow lines separate traffic travelling in opposite directions. A yellow line should always be on your left.
White lines separate traffic travelling in the same direction. White lines may also designate the shoulder portion of the roadway.
Broken Lines: Broken yellow, Broken white
Solid Lines: Solid yellow, Solid and broken yellow, Solid white
Symbols: Arrows, Diamond Markings, “X” Markings, Painted Island
Other roadway markings: Crosswalk lines mark the location of pedestrian crosswalks. Stop lines indicate where vehicles must stop at intersections or railway crossings.

Chapter 3 Starting Your Vehicle

Before entering your vehicle, walk around it to check for children, pedestrians oncoming traffic other obstructions
After you complete this check and you have taken