c) Couples and torques

b) couple; torque of a couple; torque = Fd

couple = a pair of equal (in size) and opposite (in direction) parallel forces on opposite sides of an object, that causes the object to rotate without translating

torque = a couple’s moment

T = Fd

• torque (Nm) = magnitude of one of the forces (N) × perpendicular distance between both forces (m)