2.08 notes- forced and voluntary migration

forced migration types- slavery, refugees, internally displaced people, asylum seekers

voluntary migration types- transnational, transhumance, internal, chain, step, guest worker, rural to urban

net migration- difference between number of immigrants into and number of emigrants from an area

chain migration- occurs when a group settles/gains presence in an area

step migration- “in parts” moves in stages before final destination

return/circular migration- migrants settle in an area for a certain time, work, then return to homeland

guest workers- people permitted to work and live temporarily in a country, usually sends money back home to support family

remittance- money transfer, worth more in receiving country

interregional migration- movement between two different regions

intraregional migration- movement within one region (rural to urban)

environmental degradation- destruction of environment and ecosystems caused by overuse or loss of natural resources

internal displacement- forced migration within a country, environmental degradation, search for better jobs/living conditions, ethno-religious conflict, escape from government oppression, lack of rights/protection, internal displacement, seasonal migration, human trafficking

conflict induced displacement- forced migration due to armed conflict where government is unwilling or unable to protect

internally displaced persons IDPs- “internal refugees” not covered by UN refugee convention, doesn’t get same assistance