Lactose intolerance

Symptoms:

1. Loose stools

2. Abdominal bloating and pain

3. Flatulence

4. Nausea

1. Intestinal lactase deficiency prevents the hydrolysis of ingested lactose.

2. Unabsorbed lactose causes an osmotic load, leading to fluid and electrolyte secretion until equilibrium is reached.

3. In the large intestine, colonic bacteria ferment free lactose, producing short-chain fatty acids and hydrogen gas.

4. The combined effects of increased fecal water, intestinal transit, and hydrogen gas lead to a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms.