System Software Overview

Learning Objectives

  • Differentiate between system software and application software.
  • Identify the four types of system software.
  • Explain operating systems: functions, features, and categories.
  • Compare mobile operating systems: iOS, Android, Windows Phone.
  • Compare desktop operating systems: Windows, Mac OS, UNIX, Linux, virtualization.
  • Explain purpose of utilities and utility suites.
  • Identify four essential utilities.
  • Describe Windows utility programs.

Introduction

  • Computers and applications are integral to daily life, operating behind the scenes.
  • System software includes operating systems, utility programs, and device drivers.

System Software

  • Works with users, application software, and hardware.
  • Types include:
    • Operating systems
    • Utilities
    • Device drivers
    • Language translators

Operating Systems

  • Collection of programs managing technical tasks.
  • Functions include:
    • Managing resources (memory, processing, storage).
    • Monitoring performance and scheduling tasks.
    • Providing security and starting up the computer.
    • Offering user interfaces (e.g., GUI).
    • Supporting multitasking.

Categories of Operating Systems

  • Embedded Operating Systems:

    • Real-time systems for smartphones and devices.

  • Stand-alone Operating Systems:

    • Commonly known as desktop operating systems.

  • Network Operating Systems:

    • Manage communication between linked computers (e.g., Windows Server, Linux).

Mobile Operating Systems

  • Specialized for wireless devices (e.g., Android, iOS, Windows Phone).

Desktop Operating Systems

  • Widely used by individuals:
    • Windows: Most popular, integrates mobile and desktop.
    • Mac OS: Known for ease of use (recent versions: OS X Mavericks, Yosemite).
    • UNIX: Used in servers and mainframes.
    • Linux: Open-source and free.

Virtualization

  • Supports multiple OS on one machine.
  • Each virtual machine functions independently.

Utilities

  • Specialized programs to enhance computing.
  • Essential utilities:
    • Troubleshooting/diagnostics
    • Antivirus programs
    • Backup programs
    • File compression programs

Windows Utilities

  • File History: Backs up files to prevent loss.
  • Disk Cleanup: Cleans unnecessary files to improve performance.
  • Disk Defragmenter: Optimizes file arrangement on disk.

Utility Suites

  • Combine several programs for cost-effectiveness (e.g., Bit Defender, Norton Utilities).

Careers in IT

  • Roles like Computer Support Specialist require problem-solving and people skills.
  • Earnings range from $29K to $40K annually.

Future Innovations

  • Self-Healing Computers: Could eliminate crashes by auto-fixing issues, ensuring reliability and maintenance.