TEST Questions
What type of enzymes induce apoptosis in cells. caspases
If a cell has 16 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after each cells through mitosis. 16
After S Phase how many chromosomes are in that cell. 32
What is the haploid number of 32 for this cell? 8
The diploid number of 8 would be 16
Cell cycle, which general stage used most of the cycle cycle. Interphase
Three stages of interphase. G1 S G2
What is the diploid number of humans? 46
What is the Haploid 23
Autosomes in humans. 22 different types of autosomes
Sequence of the cell cycle. G1 S G2 mitosis
Order of Mitosis: prophase prometaphase metaphase anaphase telophase
What are the 3 checkpoints: g1-s, G2-MPhase, Metaphase
Which one is a part of the interphase? G1 and G2
In cells that can't divide, what stage do we put them in. G0
If some cell mitosis occurs but there is no cytokinesis, what is the end result? 2 nuclei
What is metaphase? When all the sister chromatids line up in the center of the cell
What happens in anaphase? Sister chromatids get pulled apart
Mitosis and cytokinesis difference.
Mitosis divides the nucleus
cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm
Difference in Meiosis in egg and sperm
In egg is not split equally and one egg cell (polar bodies)
Sperm split equally and produces 4 sperm cells for every mitosis divides
What name do we use to name a fertilized cell? Zygote
During mitosis, homologous pairs line up with each other, what are the 4 chromatids? Tetrads and bivalent
In which stage Meiosis crossing over occurs. Prophase 1
In homologous chromosomes, they carry the same alleles in all traits. False
Homologous chromosomes are similar in size. True
Homologous chromosomes carry genes from the same traits. True
Homologous chromosome location in their centromere is the same. True
Meiosis provides genetic variation and sexual reproduction. True
In Meiosis, results in the reduction in chromosome numbers. True
Meiosis results in the gamete reproduction. True
Meiosis is involved with the growth and repair of cells. False
In which stage of meiosis are bivalents arranged in the cell. Metaphase 1
In Meiosis 2, what is aligned in the center of the cell in metaphase 2. Sister chromatids
During which stage of meiosis, do sister chromatids separate. Anaphase 2
During which stage of meiosis, do homologous chromosomes separate. Anaphase 1
2 chromosomes, what has happened when chromosomes switch: Inverted
2 chromosomes, what has happened when chromosomes came off: Deletion
Animal cycle, gametes are the haploid phase of the cycle. True
A female has an X-linked disorder, passing those genes to their daughter. True
A female has an X-linked disorder, pass those genes to their sons? True
A male has an X linked disorder, passing those genes to their son. False
A female has an X linked disorder, passing those genes to their daughter. True
In a monohybrid crossing, between a homozygous dominant and a homozygous recessive, what are the possible genotypes. All heterozygous.
What are alternative forms of a gene? Alleles
In Mendel's Law of Segregation, each individual contains 2 factors of each trait. True
One factor must be dominant and one factor must be recessive (factor = alleles) False
Factors separate from each other during gamete formation. True
In what type of mendel crossing where you would find 9:3:3:1. Dihybrid cross
Color blindness is an x linked trait, a female is a carrier of the recessive allele, is she colorblind? No
If she has a child with a male that is not color blind, what are the chances that the son is not color blind, 50%
What are we testing in testcrosses? Determines if it is homozygous or heterozygous
Large number of sperm try to get into an egg all at once. When the first sperm enters, what prevents any other sperm from entering? The egg depolarize
A fertilized egg is going through cell division but isn't growing. Cleavage
What is after the cleavage stage? Morula
What is after the morula stage? Blastula
What is after the Blastula stage? Gastrulation
The neural tube that develops during morphogenesis is the result of a switch folding layer. Ectoderm
Which part of the blastocyst will develop into the embryo . Inner cell mass
The chorion is responsible for gas exchange. True
What is Allantois responsible for? collects nitrogenous wastes
What is Amnion responsible for? protective amniotic fluid
What is Yolk sac responsible for? provides nutrients
What is parturition? Birth
What is the beginning of parturition? Contractions, cervix starts to dilate, amniotic fluid breaks, then give birth
What induced contractions? oxytocin
What is after the birth? you deliver placenta
If the acrosome of sperm were to fall off, what effect would it have on fertilization? Sperm wouldn't be able to go through the zona pellucida.
When can you hear a human fetal heartbeat development? 4 month or 16 weeks
During development, what is the hollow ball of cells? Blastula
What happens in morphogenesis? body shape is being formed