Chap. 20 Notes

The Progressive Impulse

Belief in Progress

Varieties of Progressivism

“Antimonopoly”

Faith in Knowledge

The Muckrakers

Ida Tarbell and Lincoln Steffens

The Social Gospel

Father John Ryan

The Settlement House Movement

Jane Addams and Hull House

The Allure of Expertise

The Professions

American Medical Association

National Associations of Manufacturers

Women and the Professions

Female-Dominated Professions

Progressivism

Women and Reform

Key Role of Women in Reform Causes

The “New Woman”

Socioeconomic Origins of the New Woman

“Boston Marriages”

The Clubwoman

Conservative Arguments for Suffrage

Nineteenth Amendment

The Assault on the Parties

Reforming Government

Early Attacks

Municipal Reform

Middle-Class progressives

New Forms of Governance

Commission Plan

City-Manager Plan

Social Democracy

Tom Johnson

Statehouse Progressivism

Initiative and Referendum

Direct Primary and Recall

Robert La Follette

Parties and Interest Groups

Decline of Party Influence

Sources of Progressive Reform

Labor, The Machine, and Reform

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

Western Progressives

African Americans and Reform

W.E.B. DuBois

NAACP Founded

The Temperance Crusade

WCTU

Eighteenth Amendment

Immigration Restriction

Eugenics and Nativism

Challenging the Capitalist Order

The Dream of Socialism

Eugene Debs

“Wobblies”

Socialism’s Demise

Decentralization and Regulation

The Problem of Corporate Centralization

“Good Trusts” and “Bad Trusts”

Theodore Roosevelt and The Modern Presidency

The Accidental President

Roosevelt’s Background

Government, Capital, and Labor

Roosevelt’s Vision of Federal Power

Northern Securities Company

The “Square Deal”

Hepburn Act

Pure Food and Drug Act

Roosevelt and Conservation

Federal Aid to the West

Roosevelt and Preservation

The Hetch Hetchy Controversy

Competing Conservationist Visions

The Panic of 1907

Tennessee Coal and Iron Company

The Troubled Succession

William Howard Taft

Taft and The Progressives

Payne-Aldrich Tariff

Ballinger-Pinchot Dispute

The Return of Roosevelt

“New Nationalism”

Spreading Insurgency

Roosevelt versus Taft

The Progressive Party

Woodrow Wilson and The New Freedom

Woodrow Wilson

Wilson’s “New Freedom”

The Scholar As President

Lowering The Tariff

Federal Reserve Act

Retreat and Advance

Child-Labor Laws