Chapter 4 kinesiology

Occupational Therapy Practice Framework and Movement Concepts

  • Domain and Process (Fourth Edition) concepts from the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework: Domain and Process (AOTA, 2020) as cited in Sain & Roller (2024).

  • Body functions: physiological functions of the body; include a category called “Neuromusculoskeletal and Movement-Related Functions.”

  • Body structures: anatomical parts of the body (joints, bones, muscles, and related structures) responsible for movement.

  • Foundational idea: understanding movement and function requires linking body functions with body structures and the actions they enable.

Body Functions and Body Structures (as defined in the text)

  • Body functions overview: physiologic functions that support movement and function.

  • Body structures overview: anatomical components that enable movement (e.g., joints, bones, muscles).

  • Examples given for body functions under neuromusculoskeletal and movement-related functions (AOTA, 2020):

    • Joint mobility

    • Joint stability

    • Muscle power

    • Muscle tone

    • Muscle endurance

    • Involuntary movement reactions

    • Gait patterns

  • Performance skills (Domain and Process) examples related to movement:

    • Motor skills: Bends, Paces, Coordinates, Maintains, Stabilizes, Manipulates, Endures, Walks

Motor Behavior: Key Components

  • Motor development

  • Motor learning

  • Motor control

  • These three components frame how movement changes across life, are learned, and are controlled in activity settings.

Motor Behavior: Detailed Definitions and Time Frames

  • Motor development: identifies changes in movement behavior across the lifespan from infancy to death; includes events spanning months and years; encompasses motor milestones of the developmental sequence. (Whiting & Rugg, 2006)

  • Motor learning: acquisition or modification of learned movement patterns over time; includes events over hours, days, weeks; considers person, task, and environment. (Pendleton & Schultz-Krohn, 2006)

  • Motor control: outcome of motor learning; the ability to produce purposeful movements of the limbs and postural adjustments in response to activity and environmental demands; includes events over short time intervals; very similar to motor skills. (Pendleton & Schultz-Krohn, 2006)

  • Interrelationship: motor development, motor learning, and motor control together describe how people develop, learn, and control movement for functional tasks.

Movement Characteristics and Types of Movement

Movement Characteristics

  • Adaptive motor behaviors can be classified as:

    • Abnormal (atypical) movement

    • Normal (atypical) movement

    • Normal