Unit 10_ Effects of Human Activities

ESY Unit 10: Effects of Human Activities

Introduction: Human Activities and Environmental Impact

Human activities significantly impact the environment. This unit explores:

  • Global warming (caused by greenhouse gas emissions)

  • Ozone depletion (resulting from certain chemicals)

Key Concepts:

  • Global Warming is the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to human activities, particularly fossil fuel burning, which increases heat-trapping greenhouse gas levels.

  • Ozone Depletion is the reduction of the ozone layer in the stratosphere, primarily caused by chemicals like CFCs that break down ozone molecules.

  • Going Green refers to adopting strategies and practices that lead to a more sustainable and eco-friendly lifestyle to reduce pollution and conserve resources.

Global Warming VS Ozone Depletion: Key Differences

UV Protection by the Stratospheric Ozone Layer

Understanding the Distinction Between Global Warming and Ozone Depletion

Causes of Global Warming

Main human activities contributing to global warming:

  • Burning fossil fuels for energy and transportation produces large amounts of CO2 and other greenhouse gases.

  • Deforestation and land-use changes reduce the number of trees that can absorb CO2.

  • Industrial processes and manufacturing often release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

  • Agriculture and livestock farming produce methane and nitrous oxide, potent greenhouse gases.

  • Waste management and landfills emit methane when organic waste decomposes anaerobically.

  • Use of certain chemicals (e.g., CFCs, HFCs) contributes to atmospheric warming.

Effects of Global Warming

Global warming impacts:

Environmental Effects:

  • Rising sea levels due to melting ice caps and glaciers.

  • Extreme weather events like hurricanes and heatwaves are becoming more frequent and intense.

  • Ecosystem disruptions such as species migration and habitat loss are occurring.

Human Health Effects:

  • Increased heat-related illnesses can result from rising temperatures.

  • Spread of infectious diseases is facilitated by changing climate conditions.

  • Food insecurity may rise as agricultural patterns are disrupted.