Lecture 4 - Formatted Output & Input
Page 1: Introduction
- Course by Professor Omar D. Ellis, MISM
- Welcoming message to students
Page 2: Hello World
- Example of a basic program in Python
Page 3: Input Function Overview
- The input function prompts user for data.
- Displays message: "Enter the name of your city: "
- User input is assigned to the variable
town.
Page 4: Example of Input Function
fullName = input("Enter a full name:")
n = fullName.rfind(" ")
print("Last name:", fullName[n+1:])
print("First name(s):", fullName[:n])
- Example Output:
Last name: RooseveltFirst name(s): Franklin Delano
Page 5: Input Function Details
- Always returns a string.
- Can use with
int, float, or eval functions for number input. eval() executes expressions as Python statements; int and float are preferred for speed and safety.
Page 6: Input Conversion Example
letGrade = input("Enter your grade (A-F): ")
numGrade = int(input("Enter your grade (0-100): "))
average = float(input("Enter your average (0.0 - 100.0): "))
gpa = eval(input("Enter your GPA (0-4): "))
- Example Output:
Grade: 125Average: 42.25GPA: 3.5
Page 7: Terminal Output Examples
- Running command line programs (
python spinning_wheel.py, python progress.py). - Examples of command line output shown.
Page 8: Optional Print Argument - SEP
print(value0, value1, ..., valueN) defaults to space as separator.- Change separator with
sep argument.
Page 9: Example of SEP Argument
print("Hello", "World!", sep="**")
- Example Output:
Hello**World!
HelloWorld!
1 two 3
Page 10: Optional Print Argument - END
- Default behavior of
print is to end with a newline. - Change ending with the
end argument.
Page 11: Example of END Argument
print("Hello", end=" ")
print("World!")
- Example Output:
Hello World!
Page 12: expandtabs() Method
- Controls spacing between horizontal tab stops (default is 8).
Page 13: Example of expandtabs()
- Code using
expandtabs(), demonstrating tab space customization.
Page 14: Justifying Output
- Methods:
ljust(), rjust(), and center() control data alignment in a specified width.
Page 15: Example of Justifying Output
- Various applications of
ljust, rjust, and center for formatting.
Page 16: Format Method Overview
format() method formats given arguments and inserts them where {} are placed.
Page 17: Example of format() Method
fruit1 = "apples"
fruit2 = "pears"
print("I want to buy {} and {}.".format(fruit1, fruit2))
- Example Output:
I want to buy apples and pears.
Page 18: Justifying Output with Format Method - Strings
- Usage of
{0:<ws}, {0:^ws}, {0:>ws} for string formatting.
Page 19: Justifying Output with Format Method - Numbers
- Similar structure with number formatting using
format.
Page 20: Example of Justifying with Formatters
- Various uses of format specifiers for formatting output.
Page 21: Number Formatting
- Different methods for formatting numbers, including commas and decimal precision.
Page 22: More on Number Formatting
- Examples with outcomes comparing different formatting styles.
Page 23: F-Strings Overview
- Create f-strings by prefixing with "f".
Page 24: Example of F-Strings
- Code showing how to use f-strings for formatted output.
Page 25: F-Strings with Justification
- Align and justify strings within f-strings.
Page 26: Example of F-Strings with Justification
- Code demonstrating justification in f-strings.
- Comments enhance code readability and are ignored by the interpreter.
Page 28: Benefits of Formatted Output and Input in Python
- Benefits: Flexibility, Readability, User Interaction, and Precision Control.