Drug Card: Adenosine

Medication Name: Adenosine

  • Generic Name: Adenosine

  • Trade Name(s): Adenocard

Drug Classification: Antiarrhythmic

Description:
Adenosine is used to treat paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). It has a very short half-life and is rapidly acting.

Mechanism of Action:
Adenosine acts on the A1 receptors in the heart to slow conduction through the AV node and restore normal sinus rhythm.

Pharmacokinetics:

  • Absorption: Not effectively absorbed when given orally; given IV.

  • Distribution: Rapidly distributed in the bloodstream.

  • Metabolism: Rapidly metabolized in the body; short half-life (about 10 seconds).

  • Excretion: Primarily excreted as metabolites in urine.

Indications/Field Use:

  • Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)

Contraindications:

  • Hypersensitivity to adenosine

  • 2nd or 3rd degree AV block (unless a pacemaker is present)

Side Effects/Adverse Reactions:

  • Flushing

  • Chest pain

  • Shortness of breath

  • Transient bradycardia

Dose:

  • SVT: 6 mg rapid IV push; may repeat with 12 mg if needed.

Precautions:

  • Monitor ECG during administration for signs of arrhythmias.

  • Ensure IV line is patent before administration.

Drug-Drug Interactions:

  • May be antagonized by theophylline and caffeine.

  • Effects can be enhanced by dipyridamole.