jazz

Topics:

The true welcome

1: In the 1930s what was harlem’s largest and most important dance hall

• The savory ballroom

Mr armstrong

1: what enticed louis armstrong back to new york city

•  A new white manager that promised to make him a star to white audiences as well as black musicians

2: what new talent did louis armstrong start displaying that changed american music

• His singing, 

3: who was the drummer and band leader that dominated at the savory ballroom in harlem

• Chick webb

Elegance

1: what new venture helped spread duke ellingtons fame in the 1930s

• Appearing in the movie check and couple check

2: who was the originator of orchestrating the sound of the blues for a large ensemble

• Duke ellington

3: who was the brilliant pianist, composed, and entertainer known as the “mayor of harlem”

• Thomas “fats” waller

What are the three sanctions in a big band

• Saxophones, brass, and the rhythm section

What club in Manhattan was the home of Fletcher Henderson's orchestra?

• The Roseland Ballroom

What did Louis Armstrong think was the happiest day of his life?

• When he arrives back in new orleans to perform nine years after he first left for chicago

Who was John Hammond?

• Jazz fan, talent scout, and music promoter that forfeited his wealthy family inheritance to become an advocate for musicians that he felt deserved wider recognition. He was central to the history of jazz and without him many key jazz musicians may not have ever found their fame.

What bands were key inspirations for Benny Goodman when he formed his own big band?

• The black bands of chick webb and fletcher henderson that played “genuine jazz”

What key decision helped shape the sound of Benny Goodman's band when it was on the radio show let's dance?

• Getting a “harlem book” of jazz arrangements by buying arrangements by black writers, the most important being fletcher henderson

Who was Art tatum?

• Pianist that was considered one of the greatest ever. He built off the stride piano tradition with technical virtuosity and sophisticated harmonic innovations that influenced many jazz musicians of all instruments.

What forced Benny Goodman to start touring the country with his band?

• The cancelation of the radio show “let's dance” that he’d been performing in NYC

What happened when Benny's band arrived in LA, CA after a failed tour of the country?

• They were greeted with a large audience that was excited to hear the band. Goodman became famous overnight after a practically failed tour across the country

When jazz became a dominant form of music in the 30s what was it known as?

• Swing

What effect did swing have on the music recording industry?

• It saved it

What title was used when advertising Benny Goodman?

• The King of Swing

How did Duke respond to the popularity of swing?

• He ignored the popularity of swing and kept composing music his way

What helped Louis Armstrong get out of his career and personal troubles in the 30s?

• Getting a new tough manager with mob connections: Joe Glaser

What was the swing era essentially based on?

• The orchestrated language of Louis Armstrong

What popular swing band leader turned the trombone into a lyrical, singing sounding instrument?

• Tommy Dorsey

What band leader made swing tamer and more popular for people that found the music Duke and Benny too intense and/or aggressive?

• Glenn Miller

Who was Benny Goodman's greatest rival?

• Clarinetist and bandleader Artie Shaw. After becoming more popular than Goodman, he disbanded his orchestra in 1939 because he hated the music business

What phenomena started occurring at Duke Ellington's performances?

• People wouldn’t dance

How did Ellington overcome discrimination in the south?

• They started traveling and staying in their own pullman car

What personal life occurrence had a profound impact on Ellington's artistic life?

• The death of his mother

What did Benny Goodman's success mean?

• The sound of black jazz from harlem was being heard worldwide by white audiences

What age bracket made swing music a hit in the U.S. in the 30’s?

• Teenagers

Who convinced Benny Goodman to take the risk of presenting Teddy Wilson, a black pianist, live at one of his concerts?

• Music critic and concert promoter Helen Oakley Dance

Who was the first black musician that joined an all white band?

• Pianist teddy wilson joined benny goodman's trio and orchestra in 1935

Who was Billie Holiday?

• The amazing vocalist that grew up poor in baltimore, worked as a prostitute at the age of 12, then moved to nyc she was discovered by john hammond

What epic showdown happens at the savoy ballroom?

• Benny Goodman vs Chick Webb. Webb won

What fresh new sound did hammond accidentally hear

• IDK

What band leader and pianist came out of kansas city and helped return swing music to its roots

• William “count” basie

What instrument became the central sound of jazz in the 1930s

• The saxophone

Who turned the tenor saxophone into a serious instrument

• Coleman hawkins

Who was Colmane Hawkins’ greatest rival, whom had a light and airy tone

• Lester young

Why did kansas city flourish in the 1930s despite the depression

• The city was run by a gangster that let the club scene flourish, thereby allowing the music scene to flourish. Every club had employment opportunities for musicians

What was the common musical approach that kansas city musicians shares, despite coming from all over the country

• The 12-bar blues

who was the most popular musician with the greatest band in kansas city

• Count Basie and his orchestra

Who was Mary Lou Williams

•  Pianist, composer, and arranger that came into her own in kansas city playing and writing for andy kirk’s band

What was louis armstrong turning into hits

• Pop tunes, country and western ballads, spirituals, and duets with other artists like bing crosby and billie holiday

Who convinced Count Basie to move to New York with his band in 1936

• John hammond

Who gave billie holliday here big break in 1937

• Count basie

What tenor saxophonist with the count basie orchestra became the perfect complement to billie holliday

• Lester young

What two major jazz events occurred the same night in new york city in 1936

• Benny goodman’s band performing at carnegie hall and count basie’s band performing at the savory ballroom

How did count basie combat chick webb at the savory

• By countering webb’s high intensity music with smooth, swinging songs

How did john hammond persuade the famous door jazz club to allow count basie’s band to play all summer in 1938

• Hammond paid to have air conditioning installed in the club

Why didn’t benny goodman’s musicians like him

• Goodman semed to only be interested in music and in growing his career

Who was the first musician to turn the amplified guitar into a major jazz instrument

• Charlie christian

What young female vocalist won a amateur competition at the apollo theater and then was hired by chick webb that made her a star

• Ella fitzgerald

What poem about lynching, set to music, and written by a high school teacher, did billie holiday record

• Strange fruit

By the late 1930, who has the most popular swing band

• Count basie

What band leader toured europe in the late 1930s and enjoyed huge appreciation and respect there

• Duke ellington

What artist and recording become a hit and took jazz in a whole new direction

• Coleman hawkins recording of “body and soul” that focused on improvisation in a small group format+