Untitled Flashcards Set

Americas

• Aztec Empire: Mesoamerica;

14th–16th century (c. 1345–1521)

• Tenochtitlan: Mesoamerica;

founded in 1325

• Incan Empire: South America (Andean region);

15th–16th century (c. 1438–1533)

• Machu Picchu: South America (Peru);

15th century (c. 1450)

Europe and the Mediterranean

• Byzantine Empire: Eastern Europe/Middle East;

4th–15th century (330–1453)

• Constantinople: Europe/Asia (modern Istanbul);

founded in 330, fell in 1453

• Italy: Europe;

continuous history, notable prominence from Ancient Rome (753 BCE) to Renaissance (14th–17th century)

• Rome: Europe;

founded 753 BCE

• France: Europe;

origins trace to the Frankish Kingdom (5th century)

• Britain: Europe;

prominent since Roman Britain (43 CE) to the modern era

• Netherlands: Europe;

emerged as a state in the 16th century

• Portugal: Europe;

emerged in the 12th century (1139)

• Spain: Europe;

unified in the late 15th century (1492)

Middle East

• Jerusalem: Middle East;

ancient city with origins in the 4th millennium BCE

• Abbasid Dynasty: Middle East;

8th–13th century (750–1258)

• Mecca: Arabian Peninsula;

ancient city, Islam’s significance began in 7th century

• Arabian Peninsula: Middle East;

inhabited since ancient times, 7th-century rise of Islam

• Baghdad: Middle East;

founded in 762 (Abbasid capital)

Central Asia and Steppes

• Mongols: Central/Northeast Asia;

13th–14th century (1206–1368)

• Northern Steppes: Central Asia;

continuous habitation, Mongol prominence in the 13th century

East Asia

• Tang Dynasty: East Asia (China);

7th–10th century (618–907)

• Song Dynasty: East Asia (China);

10th–13th century (960–1279)

• Ming Dynasty: East Asia (China);

14th–17th century (1368–1644)

• Qing Dynasty: East Asia (China);

17th–20th century (1644–1912)

• Vietnam: Southeast Asia;

origins from ancient times, notable as Dai Viet from the 10th century

• Silla Dynasty: East Asia (Korea);

7th–10th century (668–935)

• Japan: East Asia;

inhabited since prehistoric times, significant from the Yamato period (c. 250 CE)

Africa

• Niger River: West Africa;

continuously significant

• Timbuktu: West Africa (Mali);

prominent from the 12th century

• Mali/Ghana: West Africa;

Ghana (c. 4th–11th century), Mali (c. 13th–16th century)

• Swahili cities: East Africa;

prominent from the 8th century

Indian Ocean and South Asia

• Swahili Coast: East Africa;

developed from the 1st millennium CE

• Dutch East India Company: Indian Ocean (Indonesia);

17th century (founded in 1602)

• British East India Company: Indian Ocean (India);

17th–19th century (founded in 1600)

• Mughal Empire: South Asia (India);

16th–19th century (1526–1857)

• Malay Kingdoms: Southeast Asia;

prominent from the 1st millennium CE

• Malacca: Southeast Asia;

founded in the 15th century (c. 1400)

• East Indies: Southeast Asia;

16th century onward

Americas (Colonial Period)

• Spanish colonial settlements: Americas;

began in 1492 (after Columbus)

• Portuguese colonial settlements: South America (Brazil);

16th century onward

• British colonial settlements: North America, Caribbean;

17th century onward

• West Indies: Caribbean;

15th century onward

• Potosi: South America (Bolivia);

founded in 1545

• Manila: Southeast Asia (Philippines);

founded in 1571

Middle East (Islamic Empires)

• Ottoman Empire: Middle East, Europe, North Africa;

13th–20th century (1299–1922)

• Safavid Empire: Middle East (Persia);

16th–18th century (1501–1736)