Elements. Compounds. Mixtures

  • Molecule: Two or more bonded atoms; smallest unit of a compound.

  • Heterogeneous Mixture: Not uniform throughout; different parts are visible.

  • Matter: Anything that has mass and takes up space.

  • Atom: Smallest part of an element; building block of matter.

  • Element: Pure substance containing only one type of atom.

  • Chemistry: The study of matter.

  • Homogeneous Mixture: Uniform throughout; different parts are not visible.

  • Compound: Pure substance of two or more chemically combined elements.

  • Coefficient: Number in front of a compound that multiplies all subscripts.

  • Chemical Symbols:

    • Mg = Magnesium

    • Au = Gold

    • Pb = Lead

    • Zn = Zinc

    • Hg = Mercury

  • Particle Heating: Heated particles vibrate and move more.

  • Water Phase Changes:

    • Boiling Point: 100 ∘C100\,^\circ\text{C} (212 ∘F212\,^\circ\text{F})

    • Melting Point: 0 ∘C0\,^\circ\text{C} (32 ∘F32\,^\circ\text{F})

  • States of Matter:

    • Solid: Definite shape and volume.

    • Gas: No definite shape or volume.

    • Liquid: Definite volume; takes shape of its container.