Education and Learning Comprehensive Terminology Guide

Topic Vocabulary in Contrast

• take/pass: Distinguishes between the act of sitting for an exam versus successfully meeting the required standard.

• read/study: Differentiates between casual reading and the intensive acquisition of knowledge through focused effort.

• test/exam: Refers to assessments of different scales, typically varying from brief checks to formal, final evaluations.

• primary/secondary/high: Denotes the sequential levels of education from early childhood through adolescence.

• colleague/classmate: Distinguishes between professional associates in a workplace and peers in an educational setting.

• prefect/pupil/student: Prefect refers to a student monitoring officer; pupil usually refers to younger learners; student refers to those at various levels, including higher education.

• qualifications/qualities: Differentiates between formal certifications of skill and inherent personal characteristics.

• count/measure: Differentiates between tallying discrete items and determining a specific quantity, size, or degree using a standard.

• degree/certificate/results: A degree is a university level qualification; a certificate is a document of completion/qualification; results are the outcomes of specific assessments.

• speak/talk: Distinguishes between the general ability to use language and the act of engaging in conversation.

• lesson/subject: A lesson is a specific period of teaching; a subject is an area of study (e.g., mathematics or history).

• achieve/reach: Both involve hitting targets, but achieving often implies success through effort.

• task/effort: A task is a piece of work to be done; effort is the physical or mental energy used to complete it.

• know/recognise: Knowing implies having information or familiarity; recognising implies identifying something previously seen.

• teach/learn: Differentiates the role of the educator from the role of the student.

• tertiary education: Refers to education beyond high school, covering university and college levels.

Phrasal Verbs

• catch on: To understand what is being said or done.

• get on with: To continue doing something, often after an interruption.

• come (a)round (to): To be persuaded to change your mind about something.

• give in: To stop making an effort to achieve something difficult.

• cross out: To draw a line through something written.

• dawn on: If something dawns on you, you realise it for the first time.

• deal with: To handle or cope with a situation or person.

• drop out (of): To leave school, college, or a course before you have finished.

• get at: To try to express something indirectly.

• keep up with: To stay at the same level as others in a group or class.

• sail through: To do something or deal with something very easily.

• set out: To explain, describe, or arrange something in a clear and detailed way.

• think over: To consider something carefully.

• Attention

  • Pay attention (to sth/sb)

  • Attract (sb's) attention

  • Draw (sb's) attention to sth

• Break

  • Have/take a break (from sth/doing)

  • Lunch break, tea break, or commercial break

  • Give sb a break

    Phrases and Collocations

• Discussion

  • Have a discussion (with sb) about/on sth/doing

• Exam

  • Take/do/have/pass/fail an exam

  • Sit (for) an exam

• Homework

  • Do your homework

  • Have homework (to do)

• Idea

  • Question an idea

  • Have an idea

  • Bright idea

  • Have no idea (about)

• Learn

  • Have a lot to learn about sth/doing

  • Learn (how) to do

• Lesson

  • Go to/have a lesson

  • Double lesson

  • Learn a/your lesson

  • Teach sb a lesson

• Mind

  • Make up your mind (about sth/doing)

  • Bear (sth) in mind

  • In two minds about sth/doing

  • Change your mind (about sth/doing)

  • Cross your mind

  • To my mind

  • (Not) mind if

• Opinion

  • In my opinion

  • Give/express your/an opinion (of/about sth/doing)

  • Hold/have an opinion (of/about sth/doing)

• Pass

  • Pass sth (over) to sb

  • Pass an exam/test/etc.

  • Pass a building/etc.

• Point

  • See/take sb's point (about sth/doing)

  • (See) the point in/of sth/doing

  • There's no point in sth/doing

  • Make a point (of doing)

• Sense

  • Make sense of sth

  • It makes sense (to do)

  • Sense of humour, taste, or sight

• Suggestion

  • Make/accept a suggestion

Essential Academic Nouns

• Academic performance ($n$) /\text{%kəˌdemik pə'fɔȀməns} / — thành tích học tập

  • Example: Regular study habits can improve your academic performance.

• Admission ($n$) /$\text{əd'mɪʃn}$ / — sự nhận vào

  • Example: He's hoping to gain admission to a top university.

• Bachelor's degree ($n$) /$\text{ˌbætʃələz dɪ'ɡriː}$ / — bằng cử nhân

  • Example: She earned a bachelor's degree in economics.

• Blended learning ($n$) /$\text{ˌblendid 'lȡːnɪŋ}$ / — học hỗn hợp (online và offline)

  • Example: Blended learning offers students more flexibility.

• Curriculum ($n$) /$\text{kə'rɪɡjələm}$ / — chương trình giảng dạy

  • Example: The school is introducing a new curriculum for science subjects.

• Discipline ($n$) /$\text{'dɪəplɪ n}$ / — kỷ luật

  • Example: Self-discipline is essential for successful online learning.

• Distraction ($n$) /$\text{dɪ'strækʃn}$ / — xao nhãng

  • Example: Social media can be a major distraction from studying.

• Distance learning ($n$) /$\text{'dɪ stəns 'lȡːnɪŋ}$ / — học từ xa

  • Example: Distance learning allows people to study from anywhere in the world.

• Education fair ($n$) /\text{ˌedʒu'keɪʃn feə(r)} / — hội thảo tư vấn giáo dục\n * Example: We went to the education fair to get information about different universities.\n* **Extracurricular activities** (n$) /$\text{ˌekstrəkə'rɪ kjələr æk'tɪ vətiz} / — hoạt động ngoại khóa\n * Example: Colleges look for students with a good balance of academics and extracurricular activities.\n* **Higher education** (n$) /$\text{'haɪər ˌedʒu'keɪʃn} /\n * Example: Many students choose to pursue higher education after finishing high school.\n* **Institution** (n$) /$\text{ˌɪ nstɪ'tjuː ʃn} / — sự thành lập / cơ quan\n * Example: Harvard is one of the most prestigious educational institutions in the world.\n* **Knowledge** (n$) /$\text{'nɒlɪ dʒ} /\n * Example: Reading books is a great way to acquire knowledge.\n* **Lifelong learning** (n$) /$\text{ˀlaɪ flɒŋ 'lȡːnɪŋ} /\n * Example: In a rapidly changing world, lifelong learning is crucial for career success.\n* **Major** (n$) /$\text{'meɪ dʒə(r)} / — chuyén ngành\n * Example: Her major is computer science.\n* **Online learning** (n$) /$\text{ˌɒn'laɪ n 'lȡːnɪŋ} /\n * Example: Online learning requires good time-management skills.\n* **Qualification** (n$) /$\text{ˌkwɒlɪ fɪ'keɪʃn} /\n * Example: Do you have any formal qualifications in marketing?\n* **Scholarship** (n$) /$\text{'skɒləʃɪ p} /\n * Example: She won a scholarship to study abroad.\n* **School-leaver** (n$) /$\text{'skuːl liːvə(r)} /\n * Example: There are many education options for school-leavers.\n* **Strategy** (n$) /$\text{'strætə dʒi} / — chiến lược\n * Example: You need a good study strategy to prepare for the exam.\n* **Teamwork** (n$) /$\text{'tiːmwȡːk} /\n * Example: The project was a success thanks to excellent teamwork.\n* **Tuition fees** (n$) /$\text{tju'ɪʃn fiːz} / — học phí\n * Example: University tuition fees can be very expensive.\n* **University entrance exam** (n$) /$\text{ˌjuːnɪ'vȡːsəti 'entrəns ɪɡˌzæm} /\n * Example: Students study hard for the national university entrance exam.\n* **Vocational school** (n$) /$\text{vəu'keɪʃənl skuːl} / — trường nghề\n * Example: A vocational school provides practical training for specific jobs.\n\n# Essential Academic Adjectives\n\n* **Academic** (adj$) /$\text{ˌækə'demɪ k} /\n * Example: He has an impressive academic record.\n* **Compulsory** (adj$) /$\text{kəm'pʌ l səri} / — bắt buộc\n * Example: In Vietnam, education is compulsory for children from ages 6$to$14.\n* **Creative** (adj$) /$\text{kri'eɪ tɪ v} /\n * Example: The school encourages creative thinking.\n* **Digital** (adj$) /$\text{'dɪ dʒɪ tl} /\n * Example: We use many digital tools for learning today.\n* **Face-to-face** (adj$) /$\text{ˌfeɪ s tə 'feɪ s} /\n * Example: I prefer face-to-face classes to online ones.\n* **Formal** (adj$) /$\text{'fɔːml} / — chính thức\n * Example: He has no formal qualifications, but he has a lot of experience.\n* **Hands-on** (adj$) /$\text{ˀhændz 'ɒn} / — thực hành\n * Example: The course provides a lot of hands-on experience.\n* **Optional** (adj$) /$\text{'ɒpʃənl} / (not compulsory/mandatory)\n * Example: Music and art are optional subjects at this school.\n* **Prestigious** (adj$) /$\text{pre'stɪ dʒəs} / — có uy tín\n * Example: She graduated from a prestigious university.\n* **Practical** (adj$) /$\text{'præktɪ kl} /\n * Example: The training focuses on practical skills that can be used in the workplace.\n* **Self-directed** (adj$) /$\text{ˌself daɪ'rektɪ d} / — tự định hướng\n * Example: Online learning requires students to be motivated and self-directed.\n\n# Essential Academic Verbs\n\n* **Acquire** (v$) /$\text{ə'kwaɪ ə(r)} / (obtain) — đạt được

  • Example: You can acquire new skills through online courses.

• Assess ($v$) /$\text{ə'ses}$ / — đánh giá

  • Example: The teacher will assess your progress at the end of the term.

• Collaborate ($v$) /$\text{kə'læbəreɪ t}$ / — phối hợp / cộng tác

  • Example: Students are encouraged to collaborate on group projects.

• Concentrate ($v$) /$\text{'kɒnsntreɪ t}$ /

  • Example: It's hard to concentrate with so much noise.

• Enroll ($v$) /$\text{ɪ n'rəul}$ / (register) — đăng ký học

  • Example: I decided to enroll in a coding bootcamp.

• Evaluate ($v$) /$\text{ɪ 'væljueɪ t}$ / — đánh giá

  • Example: The university will evaluate your application based on your grades and essay.

• Focus on ($phr. v$) /$\text{'fəʊ kəs ɒn}$ /

  • Example: This semester, I need to focus on my final thesis.

• Graduate ($v$) /$\text{ˌɡrædʒueɪ t}$ /

  • Example: He graduated from university with a degree in law.

• Major in ($phr. v$) /$\text{'meɪ dʒər ɪ n}$ / — học chuyén ngành

  • Example: She plans to major in international relations.

• Motivate ($v$) /$\text{'məʊ tɪ veɪ t}$ / (encourage)

  • Example: A good teacher knows how to motivate their students.

• Pursue ($v$) /$\text{pə'sjuː}$ / (follow) — theo đuổi

  • Example: She moved to the city to pursue her dream of becoming an actress.

Collocations and Idiomatic Expressions

• Critical thinking /$\text{'krɪ tɪ kl ' θɪŋ kɪ ŋ}$ / tư duy phản biện

  • Example: Education should develop students' critical thinking skills.

• Drop out of /$\text{drɒp aʊ t əv}$ / — bỏ dở

  • Example: He had to drop out of college due to financial problems.

• Fall behind /$\text{fɔːl bɪ'haɪ nd}$ / bỏ lại phía sau

  • Example: If you miss too many classes, you'll fall behind.

• Keep up with /$\text{kiːp ʈp wɪ ð}$ / Bắt kịp, đuổi theo

  • Example: It's sometimes difficult to keep up with all the homework.

• Study abroad /$\text{'stʈdi ə'brɔːd}$ /

  • Example: Many students dream of studying abroad.

• Hit the books: To start studying hard.

  • Example: I can't go out tonight. I have to hit the books for my history test.

• Learn by heart: To memorize something completely.

  • Example: We had to learn the whole poem by heart.

• Pass with flying colours: To achieve a very high grade or result with excellence.

  • Example: She passed her exams with flying colours.