Comprehensive Guide to Japanese Syllabaries: Hiragana and Katakana
Official Resources and References for Japanese Syllables
- NHK WORLD-JAPAN provides comprehensive digital resources to assist learners with the correct pronunciation of the Japanese syllabaries.
- Hiragana Resources: Detailed guides and audio for Hiragana can be accessed at: https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/letters/hiragana.html
- Katakana Resources: Detailed guides and audio for Katakana can be accessed at: https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/letters/katakana.html
- General Lessons: For additional Japanese language learning content, visit: https://www.nhk.or.jp/lesson/en/
- Copyright Attribution: All instructional materials are copyrighted by NHK WORLD-JAPAN.
The Hiragana Syllabary
Primary Vowels and Consonant Clusters:
- a (あ), i (い), u (う), e (あ), o (あ)
- ka (か), ki (き), ku (く), ke (け), ko (こ)
- sa (さ), shi (し), su (す), se (せ), so (そ)
- ta (た), chi (ち), tsu (つ), te (て), to (と)
- na (な), ni (に), nu (ぬ), ne (ね), no (の)
- ha (は), hi (ひ), fu (ふ), he (へ), ho (ほ)
- ma (ま), mi (み), mu (む), me (め), mo (も)
- ya (や), yu (ゆ), yo (よ)
- ra (ら), ri (り), ru (る), re (れ), ro (ろ)
- wa (わ), wo (を), n (ん)
Voiced Sounds (Dakuten) and P-Sounds (Handakuten):
- ga group: ga, gi, gu, ge, go
- za group: za, ji (じ), zu (ず), ze (ぜ), zo (そ)
- ba group: ba, bi, bu, be, bo
- pa group: pa, pi, pu, pe, po
Contracted Hiragana (YŁon):
- k-series: kya, kyu, kyo
- g-series: gya, gyu, gyo
- s-series: sha (しゃ), shu (しゅ), sho (しょ)
- j-series: ja (じゃ), ju (じゅ), jo (じょ)
- c-series: cha (ちゃ), chu (ちゅ), cho (ちゃ)
- n-series: nya, nyu, nyo
- h-series: hya, hyu, hyo
- b-series: bya (びゃ), byu (びゅ), byo (びょ)
- p-series: pya (ぴゃ), pyu (ぴゅ), pyo (ぴょ)
- m-series: mya, myu, myo
- r-series: rya, ryu, ryo
The Katakana Syllabary
Primary Vowels and Consonants:
- a (〢), i (〤), u (〦), e (〨), o (〪)
- ka (〫), ki (〭), ku (〯), ke (〱), ko (〳)
- sa (〴), shi (〷), su (〹), se (〻), so (〽)
- ta (〿), chi (ぁ), tsu (ぃ), te (ぅ), to (ぇ)
- na (お), ni (が), nu (ぎ), ne (ぐ), no (げ)
- ha (ご), hi (し), fu (ず), he (そ), ho (だ)
- ma (つ), mi (で), mu (な), me (ね), mo (ば)
- ya (ぴ), yu (ぶ), yo (へ)
- ra (ほ), ri (ぽ), ru (む), re (ゃ), ro (ゆ)
- wa (わ), n (ン)
Voiced Sounds (Dakuten) and P-Sounds (Handakuten):
- ga group: ga, gi, gu, ge, go
- za group: za, ji (ジ), zu (ズ), ze (ゼ), zo (ゾ)
- da group: da, ji (ヂ), zu (ヅ), de (デ), do (ド)
- ba group: ba, bi, bu, be, bo
- pa group: pa, pi, pu, pe, po
Contracted Katakana (YŁon):
- k-series: kya, kyu, kyo
- g-series: gya, gyu, gyo
- s-series: sha (シャ), shu (シュ), sho (ショ)
- j-series: ja (ジャ), ju (ジュ), jo (ジョ)
- c-series: cha (チャ), chu (チュ), cho (チョ)
- n-series: nya, nyu, nyo
- h-series: hya, hyu, hyo
- b-series: bya, byu, byo
- p-series: pya, pyu, pyo
- m-series: mya, myu, myo
- r-series: rya, ryu, ryo
Document Data and Annotations
- Numerical Identifiers and Page Markers:
- The transcript references specific page numbers: , , , and .
- Miscellaneous numerical sequences mentioned: , .
- Instructional directional notations: "1→" and "2" are used in the context of Katakana (likely referring to stroke order).
- Visual/Textual Elements:
- The transcript includes Japanese textual fragments such as "〻ール!!" (Sale!!) and onomatopoeia like "(サラサラ" (sara-sara).
- Specific character renderings like "〢〤〦〨〪〭〫少劈ゴ" appear within the Katakana overview section.