POETRY

Elements of Poetry:

(1) THE POETIC LINE - The BASIC UNIT of poem where IDEAS or FEELINGS are expressed in one line

(2) THE SOUND OF WORDS - Uses SOUND EFFECTS to make meaning stronger

  • Rhyme: Similar sounds at the end of words

  • Rhythm: the BEAT or flow of the poem

  • Alliteration: repetition of CONSONANTS

  • Assonance: repetition of VOWELS

  • Onomatopoeia: words that IMITATES SOUNDS

(3) METER - a REGULAR PATTERN OF RHYTHM in a poem

  • Iambic: unstressed + stressed (ius)

  • Trochaic: stressed + unstressed (tsu)

  • Anapestic: 2 unstressed + stressed (auus)

  • Dactylic: stressed + 2 unstressed (dsuu)

(4) IMAGERY - create PICTURES IN THE MIND using the 5 SENSES:

  • Visual: you need your VISa to travel and SEE the world

  • Auditory: you HEAR the AUDIence

  • Tactile: you TOUCH the TILES while cleaning the floor

  • Olfactory: you can SMELL OIL in the FACTORY

  • Gustatory: your friend GUSTO mcdo to TASTE its delicious food

(5) TONE - The ATTITUDE towards a subject

(6) FIGURES OF SPEECH - used in a NON-LITERAL way to create an effect

  • Simile: compares using LIKE and AS

  • Metaphor: directly compares WITHOUT like or as

  • Personification: gives HUMAN TRAITS to non human things

  • Apostrophe: talking to someone or smth that ISN’T THERE

  • Metonymy: using a RELATED WORD to stand for smth

  • Antithesis: putting OPPOSITE IDEAS TOGETHER

  • Irony: saying the OPPOSITE of what you actually mean

  • Hyperbole: EXAGGERATES to make a strong point

Rhyme schemes:

  • Couplet (aa)

  • Alternating (abab)

  • Enclosed (abba)

  • Limerick (aabba)

  • Monorhyme (aaaa)

  • Triplet (aaa)

  • Ballad stanza (abcb)

  • Terza rima (aba bcb cdc)

TYPES OF POETRY

  • Haiku: following a 5-7-5 SYLLABLE PATTERN

  • Free verse: no specific RHYME SCHEME, METER OR STRUCTURE

  • Sonnet: 14-line poem, dealing with themes of LOVE and BEAUTY

  • Elegy: poem FOR THE DEAD

  • Cinquian: FIVE-LIME POEM with a SPECIFIC PATTERN

  • Lyric poetry: musical or rhythmic way

  • Ode: type of lyric poem with deep admiration, praise or love for a subject

  • Soliloquy: a SPEECH in a play. Done in stages

  • Epic poetry: a long poem abt a hero’s adventures and bravery