RETR 211 (Mastered)
Q: What is Respiratory Therapy?
A: A branch of healthcare that promotes optimal cardiopulmonary function and health.
Q: What do respiratory therapists do?
A: They apply scientific principles to prevent, detect, and manage acute or chronic dysfunction of the cardiopulmonary system.
Q: What are the main components of respiratory care?
A: Patient assessment, diagnostic evaluation, treatment and management, control, and patient education.
Q: Name common workplaces for respiratory therapists.
A: ICUs, clinics, wards, cardiopulmonary diagnostic facilities, skilled nursing facilities, home care, and educational institutions.
Q: What were respiratory therapists previously called?
A: Oxygen technicians and inhalation therapists.
Q: When was the term "respiratory therapist" officially established?
A: In 1974, along with the formation of the national board for respiratory therapy.
Q: When did respiratory therapy officially begin in Ghana?
A: In 2017, with the first batch of 9 students.
Q: Name advancements made in oxygen therapy.
A: Development of nasal catheters, oxygen tents, masks for specific oxygen concentrations, LTOTs, and oxygen concentrators.
Q: What is mechanical ventilation?
A: A method of ventilation introduced with negative pressure in the 19th century, now primarily using positive pressure ventilators with specific modes.
Q: Name complications associated with mechanical ventilation.
A: Ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Q: Name areas of advancement in respiratory therapy.
A: Airway management techniques, cardiopulmonary diagnostics, pulmonary function testing, oxygen therapy, and aerosol medications.
Q: List professional organizations related to respiratory therapy.
A: American Association for Respiratory Care, International Council for Respiratory Care, National Board for Respiratory Care, Ghana Association for Respiratory Care, Africa Respiratory Care Association.
Q: How can one become a respiratory therapist in Ghana?
A: Complete a BSc. in Respiratory Therapy, pass licensure exams under the Allied Health Professions Council, join relevant organizations, and adhere to the code of conduct.
Here are concise flashcards based on the provided information for use in the Knowt app:
Q: What is the pooled prevalence of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in Africa?
A: 12.76%, more than twice the rate in developed countries.
Q: Where are HAIs most common in Africa?
A: Intensive Care Units (ICU) and neonatal ICUs/wards.
Q: What are the most common types of HAIs in Africa?
A: Surgical site infections and bloodstream infections.
Q: What is the prevalence of HAIs in Ghana?
A: 8.2% overall (ranging from 3.5% to 14.4%).
Q: What are the most common HAIs in Ghana?
A: Surgical site infections, bloodstream infections, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and respiratory tract infections (RTIs).
Q: What is the most commonly isolated pathogen in Ghana’s HAIs?
A: Escherichia coli.
Q: What are the three elements leading to infection transmission?
A: Source of the pathogen, route of transmission, and susceptible host.
Q: What are the main sources of infections in hospitals?
A: Humans, inanimate objects (e.g., equipment), and the hospital environment.
Q: Who are susceptible hosts for infections?
A: Very young or old patients, HIV patients, patients with poorly controlled diabetes, and those with iatrogenic immunodeficiency.
Q: What are the primary routes of infection transmission?
A: Contact, droplet, airborne, and other routes (e.g., contaminated food or water).
Q: What are standard precautions for infection prevention?
A: Hand hygiene, wearing gloves, masks, eye protection, gowns, and safe equipment handling.
Q: When should hand hygiene be performed in healthcare settings?
A: Before and after patient contact, after glove removal, and after touching blood or contaminated items.
Q: How should gloves be used in infection prevention?
A: Wear clean gloves when touching body fluids or non-intact skin, and remove them before touching non-contaminated surfaces.
Q: What is the purpose of wearing masks and eye protection in healthcare?
A: To protect mucous membranes from splashes or sprays of blood and body fluids.
Q: What is the role of gowns in infection prevention?
A: To protect skin and clothing during procedures likely to generate splashes.
Q: How should patient care equipment be handled to prevent infection?
A: Clean and disinfect between patients, and discard single-use items properly.
Q: What is the primary focus of occupational health in preventing infections?
A: Safe handling of sharps and use of alternatives like resuscitation bags instead of mouth-to-mouth.
Q: What is the purpose of patient placement in infection control?
A: To isolate patients who contaminate the environment or cannot maintain hygiene.
Q: What are transmission-based precautions?
A: Additional precautions for patients with known or suspected infections that require extra control measures.
Q: What are the three types of transmission-based precautions?
A: Contact precautions, droplet precautions, and airborne precautions.
Q: What is the main focus of cleaning in infection prevention?
A: Removing all dirt and organisms from equipment as the initial step in reprocessing.