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Pulpotomy – The removal of the pulp from the crown of a tooth.

Quadrant – One of the four sections of the mouth.

Radiograph – An X-ray image.

Recession – The withdrawal of the gums from the teeth.

Restoration – A treatment to restore function and appearance to a damaged tooth.

Root – The part of the tooth embedded in the jawbone.

Root Canal – The space inside the tooth root that contains the pulp.

Scaling – The removal of plaque and tartar from teeth.

Sealant – A protective coating applied to the chewing surface of teeth.

Sinus – A cavity or hollow space in bone.

Socket – The bony cavity that holds a tooth.

Stomatitis – Inflammation of the mouth lining.

Subgingival – Refers to the area below the gum line.

Subluxation – Partial dislocation of a tooth.

Supernumerary Teeth – Extra teeth beyond the normal number.

Suture – Stitches used to close a wound.

Tartar – Hardened plaque on the teeth; also called calculus.

Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) – The joint connecting the jaw to the skull.

TMD (Temporomandibular Disorders) – Disorders affecting the TMJ.

Tissue – A group of cells that perform a specific function.

Topical Anesthetic – A gel or liquid applied to numb a small area of the mouth.

Trismus – The inability to open the mouth fully due to muscle spasm.

Unerupted – A tooth that has not yet emerged through the gum.

Veneer – A thin covering placed over the front of a tooth.

Vitality – The condition of being alive or active; in dentistry, it refers to the health of the pulp.

Wisdom Teeth – The third molars, typically the last teeth to erupt.

Xerostomia – Dry mouth due to reduced saliva production.

Zygomatic Arch – The cheekbone.

Acrylic Resin – Material used in dentures and restorations.

Amelogenesis Imperfecta – A genetic condition affecting enamel formation.

Attrition – The wearing down of tooth structure through tooth-to-tooth contact.

Avulsion – The complete displacement of a tooth from its socket.

Bifurcation – The division of a tooth root into two parts.

Cap – Another term for a dental crown.

Composite Resin – Tooth-colored filling material.

Crown Lengthening – A surgical procedure to expose more tooth structure.

Denture Stomatitis – Inflammation of the tissue under a denture.

Diabetes Mellitus – A metabolic disorder affecting the body’s ability to process sugar; impacts oral health.

Ectopic – Refers to something occurring in an abnormal position.

Embrasure – The open space between two teeth.

Exfoliation – The natural shedding of primary teeth.

Fiberotomy – Surgical cutting of fibers in the gum to prevent tooth relapse after orthodontic treatment.

Fistula – An abnormal passage between two internal organs or from an internal organ to the surface of the body.

Fossa – A depression or hollow area on the surface of a tooth.

Gingival Hyperplasia – Overgrowth of gum tissue.

Hyperdontia – The presence of extra teeth.

Hypodontia – The absence of one or more teeth.

Immediate Denture – A denture placed immediately after tooth extraction.

Inlay – A restoration that fits into the grooves of a tooth.

Intrinsic Stain – A stain located within the tooth structure.

Keratinized Tissue – Gums that have developed a protective outer layer of keratin.

Luting Agent – A cement-like material used to attach dental restorations.

Mandibular – Pertaining to the lower jaw.

Maxillary – Pertaining to the upper jaw.

Mesioclusion – A condition where the lower jaw protrudes forward.

Micron – A unit of measurement used in dentistry to describe very small distances.

Mobility – The movement of a tooth within its socket.

Mucosa – The soft tissue lining the inside of the mouth.

Nodule – A small, raised bump in the oral tissue.

Occlusal Guard – A mouthpiece designed to protect teeth from grinding.

Onlay – A restoration that covers one or more cusps of a tooth.

Osteoplasty – Surgical reshaping of bone.

Paresthesia – A sensation of tingling or numbness.

Partial – A denture that replaces some but not all teeth.

Pericoronitis – Inflammation of the gum tissue around a partially erupted tooth.

Pharynx – The throat area that connects the mouth to the esophagus.

Pit – A small depression on the surface of a tooth.

Plaque Control – The daily removal of dental plaque to prevent disease.

Polisher – A tool used to smooth the surface of teeth or restorations.

Posterior Teeth – The teeth located at the back of the mouth, including molars and premolars.

Pulp Chamber – The hollow space inside the crown of a tooth that contains pulp.

Pulpal Necrosis – Death of the pulp tissue inside a tooth.

Pulpotomy – A procedure that removes a portion of the tooth's pulp.

Radiopacity – The ability of a substance to block X-rays, making it visible on a radiograph.

Reline – The process of resurfacing the underside of a denture to improve its fit.

Resorption – The breakdown or destruction of a tooth's root or surrounding bone.

Retention – The ability of a dental appliance to stay in place.

Rugae – The ridges on the roof of the mouth.

Scaling and Root Planing – A deep cleaning procedure to remove plaque and calculus from below the gumline.

Sealant – A protective coating applied to the chewing surfaces of teeth to prevent cavities.

Sinus Lift – A surgical procedure to raise the sinus floor and create space for a dental implant.

Soft Tissue – The non-bony structures in the mouth, such as gums and tongue.

Space Maintainer – A device used to hold space for a permanent tooth after a primary tooth is lost.

Splint – A device used to stabilize loose teeth.

Sublingual – Located beneath the tongue.

Subperiosteal Implant – A type of dental implant placed on top of the jawbone under the gum tissue.

Sulcus – The space between a tooth and the surrounding gum tissue.

Supereruption – The overgrowth of a tooth beyond its normal position.

Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction (TMD) – A condition that causes pain and dysfunction in the jaw joint and muscles.

Thermoplastic – A material that becomes soft and moldable when heated.

Tooth Mobility – The degree of movement a tooth has within its socket.

Toothpaste Abrasiveness – The degree to which toothpaste can wear down tooth surfaces.

Torus – A bony growth in the mouth, often found on the roof or floor.

Transosteal Implant – A dental implant that passes completely through the jawbone.

Trauma – Injury to the teeth or oral structures.

Veneer – A thin covering applied to the front surface of a tooth to improve its appearance.

Vertical Dimension – The distance between the upper and lower jaws when the mouth is closed.

Vestibule – The space between the lips/cheeks and the teeth.

Vital Pulp Therapy – Treatment aimed at preserving the health of a tooth's pulp.

White Spot Lesions – Early signs of tooth decay, appearing as white spots on the enamel.

Xerostomia – Dry mouth due to reduced saliva production.