Caraga and Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao

Caraga Region (Region XIII)

  • Overview: Caraga is an administrative region in the Philippines, located on the northeastern portion of Mindanao.
  • Creation: Established on February 23, 1995, through Republic Act No. 7901.
  • Etymology: Derived from the Visayan word “Kalagan,” where:
    • “Kalag” means soul or people.
    • “An” means land.

Provinces and Capitals of Caraga

  • Agusan Del Norte:
    • Capital: Cabadbaran City
  • Agusan Del Sur:
    • Capital: Prosperidad
  • Dinagat Islands:
    • Capital: San Jose
  • Surigao Del Norte:
    • Capital: Surigao City
  • Surigao Del Sur:
    • Capital: Tandag City

Agusan Del Norte

  • Location: Northeastern part of Mindanao.
  • Boundaries:
    • North: Butuan Bay and Surigao Del Norte
    • East: Surigao Del Sur
    • West: Misamis Oriental
    • South/Southwest: Agusan Del Sur
  • Etymology:
    • Malay word “agasan” meaning “where the water flows.”
  • History:
    • 1991: Agusan separated from Surigao by the American Colonial Government.
    • 1942: Japanese Imperial Army landed in Northern Agusan.
    • 1945: Liberated from Japanese invaders by the Philippine Commonwealth Forces and American Forces.
    • 1967: Republic Act 4979 divided Agusan into Agusan Del Norte & Agusan Del Sur.
    • August 16, 2000: Provincial government seat transferred from Butuan City to Cabadbaran through R.A. 8811.
  • People: Manobo, Higaonon, and Mamanwa.
  • Languages: Cebuano, Tagalog, and English.
  • Festivals:
    • Dagkot Festival
    • Lisagan Festival
    • Sumayajaw Festival
  • Tourist Spots:
    • Magellan Marker Cabadbaran
    • Ancestral House
    • Balangay Shrine Museum
    • Bood Promontory and Eco Park
    • Mt. Mayapay
    • Agusan River

Agusan Del Sur

  • Location: Caraga region, Mindanao, Philippines.
  • Boundaries:
    • Northwest: Agusan del Norte and Misamis Oriental
    • East: Surigao del Sur
    • Southeast: Davao Oriental
    • Mid-South: Davao de Oro
    • Southwest: Davao del Norte
    • Mid-West: Bukidnon
  • Festivals:
    • Naliyagan Festival
    • Teen Angot Festival
  • Tourist Spots:
    • Agusan Marsh Wildlife Sanctuary
    • Tinuy-an Falls
    • Puting Buhangin Cave

Dinagat Islands

  • Location: Caraga Region (Region XIII) in northeastern Mindanao, Philippines.
  • Boundaries:
    • Off the northern coast of Surigao del Norte
    • North: Leyte Gulf
    • East: Philippine Sea
  • Capital: San Jose
  • History:
    • Originally part of Surigao del Norte; became a separate province in 2006.
    • Ties to the Philippine Benevolent Missionaries Association (PBMA).
    • Officially recognized as a province by the Supreme Court in 2012.
  • Culture and People:
    • Dinagatnon
    • Cebuano, Surigaonon, Waray, and Filipino
    • Philippine Benevolent Missionaries Association (PBMA)
  • Festivals:
    • Dinagatan Festival
    • Bugkosan Festival
  • Tourist Spots:
    • Lake Bababu
    • Mount Palhi
    • PBMA Shrine
    • Pangabangan Island
  • Legend:
    • The Legend of Princess Dina and Prince Gat: Two lovers from enemy tribes who ran away to live on a remote island.
    • To protect their love, they jumped into the sea and vanished, leading to the rise of two islands, Babaeng Bukid and Lalaking Bukid.

Surigao Del Norte

  • Also known as: The Surfing Capital of the Philippines.
  • Location: Caraga region of Mindanao, Philippines, composed of the islands of Siargao and Bucas Grande and a portion of northeastern Mindanao.
  • Capital: Surigao City.
  • Boundaries: Bordered by Agusan del Norte and Surigao del Sur.
  • History:
    • Pre-colonial Period: Ruled by native chieftains and datus.
    • Spanish Era: Incorporated into the Caraga district.
    • American Period: Governance under appointed provincial officials.
    • Province Creation: Separated from the old Surigao province through Republic Act No. 2786 on June 19, 1960.
    • First Governor: Felix S. Racaza.
  • Culture and People:
    • Mamanwa ethnic tribe
    • Bonok-Bonok dance, Kinilaw festival and Sakay-Sakay Abayan festival
    • Surigaonon Heritage Mini-Museum
    • Languages: Surigaonon and Tandaganon.
  • Festivals:
    • Bonok-Bonok Maradjaw Karadjaw Festival
    • Kinilaw Festival
    • Sakay-Sakay Festival
  • Tourist Spots:
    • Surigaonon Heritage Mini-Museum
    • Naked Island
    • Cloud 9 Siargao Island
    • Sohoton Cove
    • Daku Island
    • Tojoman Lagoon

Surigao Del Sur

  • Also known as: Shangri-La by the Pacific.
  • Location: Caraga Region (Region XIII) of northeastern Mindanao.
  • History:
    • “Distrito de Surigao”: Became a chartered province on May 15, 1901 (Philippine Commission Act 127).
    • September 18, 1960: Divided into Surigao del Norte and Surigao del Sur through Republic Act 2786.
    • First Governor: Recaredo B. Castillo.
    • First Congressman: Vicente L. Pimentel.
    • Formed with 13 municipalities, later increased to 19 with Tandag as the capital.
  • Culture and People:
    • Languages: Kamayo and Surigaonon.
    • Mamanwa and Manobo tribe
    • Festivals: Sirong, ka’liga tu sur, diwatahan, taephag, kadagatan, kaliguan, paladong, pahinungod, and kalimunan festival
    • Mamanwa ritual dance
  • Tourist Spots:
    • Britania Island
    • Tinuy-an Falls
    • Hinatuan Enchanted River
    • Cagwait White Beach

Math Poems by Eileen Tupaz

  • The poems use mathematical concepts to explore themes of identity, conformity, and existence.

  • Key themes and concepts include:

    • Zero vector: v=<0,0>v = <0, 0>, representing a lack of direction or dimension.

    • Inverses: Finding one's inverse is dependent on affirming one's identity.

    • Diagonal matrix: [aamp;0 0amp;b]\begin{bmatrix} a &amp; 0 \ 0 &amp; b \end{bmatrix}, representing conformity where deviation is unacceptable.

    • Identity matrices: Representing the initial state of individuals.

    • Scalars: Representing external influences that cause growth or change.

    • Vectors: Scalars that have been pushed too far, representing a breaking point.

Praevalet Illicita by Karen Pioquinto

  • Reflects on the interaction between society and legal systems, particularly on justice and legality.
  • The theme of illegality explores the moral implications of actions that challenge societal and legal norms.

Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM)

  • Overview: Located in the Mindanao island group of the Philippines, composed of predominantly Muslim provinces.
  • Provinces:
    • Basilan
    • Lanao del Sur
    • Maguindanao
    • Sulu
    • Tawi-Tawi
  • Government: It is the only region with its own government.

Basilan

  • Location: Island province in the southern Philippines, within the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM).
  • Geography: Largest and northernmost island of the Sulu Archipelago, off the southern coast of Zamboanga.
  • People and Culture:
    • Yakan (indigenous people), Tausug, Chavacano, and other Moro groups
    • Languages: Yakan, Tausug, Chavacano, Cebuano, Tagalog, English
    • Yakan Weaving

Lanao Del Sur

  • Location: Mindanao island group.
  • Capital: Marawi City.
  • Etymology:
    • Lanao: Derived from a Maranao word “Ranao” meaning a body of water.
    • Maranao: Means lake dweller.
  • History:
    • 1959: Divided into two provinces under Republic Act No. 2228.

Maguindanao

  • People: Primarily inhabited by the Maguindanao people, an Austronesian ethnic group influenced by Islam.
  • History: Marked by the establishment of the Sultanate of Maguindanao and its interaction with colonial powers.
  • Culture: Kulintang music.

Sulu

  • Location: Province in the southern Philippines, within the Sulu Archipelago.
  • People: Home to the Tausug people.
  • Geography: Characterized by numerous islands, islets, and coral reefs.

Tawi-Tawi

  • Location: Province in the Philippines, located in the southernmost part of the country within the Sulu Archipelago.
  • Also known as: The "land of peace" and a cradle of Islamic civilization.
  • Geography: Consists of Tawi-Tawi Island and numerous smaller islands, with a total land area of 1,087.4 square kilometers1,087.4 \text{ square kilometers}.
  • Tourist Spots:
    • Panampangan Island
    • Bud Bongao

Bilaan People

  • Indigenous group in Southern Mindanao, Philippines.
  • Known for their rich cultural heritage, traditional crafts, animistic beliefs, and connection to the environment.
  • Bilaan: Name derived from their language, meaning "people of the house".

Bilaan Creation Story

  • Summary:
    • In the beginning, there was only Melu, the supreme deity, living in the sky with Fiuwe and Diwata.
    • Melu created the earth, sky, and everything in between.
    • He created humans from clay, with white marks due to his body's contact.
    • Despite conflicts with Fiuwe and Diwata, Melu succeeded in creating humans with life, intelligence, and the ability to live on earth.

The Two Brothers: Raja Indaraptra and Raja Sulayman

  • Story:
    • Prince Indaraptra, the ruler of Mantapoli, and his brave brother, Prince Sulayman.
    • Sulayman battles evil creatures but goes missing.
    • Indaraptra searches for his brother, defeats monsters, and revives Sulayman with divine powers.
    • The brothers return to Mantapoli, victorious.