Chapter 4

Government Activities

  1. Crown Corporations

  2. laws and Regulations

  3. The Bank of Canada financial policy for the country

  4. Taxation

  5. Government Expenditures huge part of economy

  6. Purchasing Policies : The Bank of Canada also plays a significant role in setting purchasing policies that influence government spending and overall economic stability.

  7. Services provided by the government play a critical role in enhancing public welfare and infrastructure development. These expenditures are funded through taxation, which allows for the redistribution of resources to address societal needs and promote economic growth.

Crown Corporations

Crown Corporations- companies that are owned by the federal, provincial and/or territorial government. Did you know CBC is a Crown Corporation? Canadian broadcast Corporation. Crown Corporations provide services that businesses do not provide to the public. Crown Corporations were also created to bail out major industries in trouble. Provinces and territories also own a variety

Privatization- a process of selling publicly owned corporations.

Deregulation- the government withdraws certain laws and regulations that hinder competition.

Federal Government Responsibilities

  • Trade regulations (internal/external)

  • Incorporation of federal companies

  • taxation (direct/indirect)

  • The banking and monetary system

  • hospital insurance and medicare

  • the public debt and property

  • national defence

  • unemployment

  • immigration

  • criminal law

  • fisheries

Since 1990s the Canadian government became less. pension- pensiya. CPP.

Laws- created by politicians chosen by Canadians.

Laws

the constitution

precedets established by junges

laws'

administrative agecies

Supreme Court of Canada'

hospital and medicare is govenment policy and a big part of economy

telecomunications is overseen by government

aeronautics

atomic energy, you would fall under federal jurisdiction.

putting laws about products to make them safe. rules about labels on clothes.

Mrketing boards- control price of agricultural products.

Federal govenment - provintial- municipal

Types of trade barriers

  • natural

  • prohibitive

  • technical

  • regulatory/admin

canada Free agreement- signed by first ministers

municipal- street lighting, playgrounds, parks, establishment that serves food, how far are they from the road.

The bank of canada is not open to the public, just sets the rules for other banks

Monitary policies- management of supply & interest rates

Spending of Canadians that is consistent with BoC’s goal of price stability. If interest rate is very high they won’t borrow so economy is slow. If too low and economy grows so fast it can cause inflation. The cost will rise quickly. The bank wants a steady pace of economy.

Graph

Fiscal policy- federal government what they are trying to do. Relies on income tax and sales tax. Deficit- too much taxes taken. Deficit is a yearly basis if spend more money then have. Adds to debt.

Surplus- exceeding revenue

Taxation is bigger how buseneses work. Average spends more on taxes then shelter and food together. More tax then the world, more tax then other provinces.

transfer payment is transfering payments fromone government to another. Equalization- manitoba is hve not provence.