The Chronology of the war II

 

  1. Sino-Japanese War – The Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945)

-        Nanjing massacre ->killed so many people (anyone: women, children, strangers, civilians)

-        Japan's propaganda that they were gonna take over all of Asia.

-        Co-prosperity

  1. Germany invades Poland - September 1, 1939  

  2. Britain and France declare war on Germany - September 3, 1939

-        Had to do that after Czechoslovakia because they were done with appeasement

-        phony war

  1. Soviet Union invades Poland - September 17, 1939

-        Few weeks later than Germany

-        Signed the nazi-soviet pact (sike didn’t last (Operation Barbossa)

-        Did it because they

  1. Winter War begins (the Soviet Union invades Finland) - November 30, 1939

-        On notion notes

  1. Germany invades Denmark and Norway - April 9, 1940

-        Not cooperative (king): snuck Jews out

  1. Germany invades Belgium, the Netherlands, and France - May 10, 1940

-        Were invited to join France and England but decided to stay neutral (didn’t work out so well)

  1. Evacuation of Dunkirk - May 27 to June 4, 1940

-        Movie “Dunkirk”

  1. France surrenders to Germany - June 22, 1940

-        Sept – June Germany has taken ‘all’ of western Europe

-        Rainard pm of France, begging Churchill to use his airforce to help (Churchill says no, wants to save the small amount that they have to help them when Germany attacks them)

-        Vichy France: southern western France (Germany has taken over everything else) (Petain is boss, not free French, being bossed around by nazis)

  1. Battle of Britain begins - July 10, 1940

-        Lend-Lease (roosevelt): America can lend equipment if it benefits American interest -> America sent things to Britain to help them (didn’t enter themselves because of isolationism-> able to remain neutral because of lend lease)

  1. The North Africa Campaign (September 1940 – May 1943)

-         

  1. Germany invades the Soviet Union (Operation Barbarossa) - June 22, 1941

-        Why?: Hitler knew that they were gonna attack Russia, signed the pact before just to make it easier

-        Hitler hated communism a lot, Marxist conspiracy against the Aryan race

-        Stalin was stupid : told the troops to stand fim against blitzkrieg (doesn’t work get surrounded)

-        What did work was to destroy everything that you would leave behind so that enemy cant used things (scorched earth policy)

-        Made it to Moscow (

  1. Japan attacks Pearl Harbor - December 7, 1941

-        This is when USA stops isolationism and joins war

-        Attacked in 2 waves : 7:15 am (no aircraft cariers in port so good thing, were battleships so 4 got taken out, 4 were seriously damaged, 10 other major warships put out of action)

-        “Woke the sleeping giant”

-        Japan was mad at usa acts and were just pissed,

-        Knew that it would bring USA into the war, but thought it would be like 2 years later (it wasn’t)

  1. United States declares war on Japan - December 8, 1941

-        A lot faster than 2 years lol

-         

  1. Germany declares war on the United States - December 11, 1941

-        Weird

-        If Hitler didn’t declare war on USA then it woudlve been weird for the gemrnya first policy

  1. Arcadia Conference (jan 1942)

-        Roosevelt and Churchill decide that their gonna take out germany first (Germany first policy)

-        Goal was to contain Japan and take out Germany first

17.  Japanese Victories (December 1941-May 1942)

-        Dec 8, 1941: Japanese attack philipines, British hongkong, and Thailand (so they can take Singapore)

-        Got hongkong by Christmas

-        Got Dutch East Indies by march

-        By may they get philipines

-        British give up Burma

-        Means Chinese are trapped in the middle away from Britain (Singapore and Burma) (problem)

  1. Battle of Midway - June 4–7, 1942

-        Japanese to set trap to catch American battleships and aircraft carriers

  1. Battle of Stalingrad begins - August 23, 1942

-        Got to the outsides of Stalingrad

-        Urban warfare (fighting in streets, street by street)

-        Massive battle

-        Germany won the war up until Stalingrad, then Russia wins this battle and defeats the Germany army (turning point in the war)

  1. Battle of El Alamein -- Second Battle: October 23 - November 11, 1942

-        Erwin Rommel (Nazi),

-        Amercains go to vichy French and tells them to fight with them, but then the French general (against petains orders) not to with them or against them, just to be there. Hitler gets pissed at this, and France is now all german territory.

  1. Allied invasion of North Africa (Operation Torch) - November 8, 1942

  2. Casablanca Conference – January 1943

-        Unconditional surrender policy (Germnays govt would no longer exist) (everything that the allies says goes)

  1. German surrender at Stalingrad - February 2, 1943

  2. Allied invasion of Sicily - July 9, 1943

-        Stalin wants them to fight in western Europe. Allies says lets do Italy instead.

  1. Italy surrenders to Allies - September 3, 1943

-        Italians weren’t hard to beat, but then Hitler sent down armies, eventually allies won.

  1. D-Day (Allied invasion of Normandy) - June 6, 1944

-        Largest amphibious invasion

-        Sent in paratroopers, dropped behind the Atlantic wall where artillery guns are.  (Saving private ryan) (the band of brothers)

-        By end of day they got good enough win that they could bring in boats and more people, big fight

-        Started second front (helpful for USSR à less losses for them )

  1. Liberation of Paris - August 25, 1944

-        CDG wants to liberate Paris,

  1. Battle of the Bulge begins - December 16, 1944

-        In Ardennes Forest

-        Bastogne

  1. Yalta Conference - February 4–11, 1945

-        Big Three were there, decided about the “Partition of Germany” (KNOW THIS MAP) -> berlin is divided into 4 pieces.

-        Made Poland

-        West and East Germany later (don’t have to know this know ->cold war)

-        USSR is creating a sphere of influence (between soviet union and western world, they want to control a certain row of countries so they have a buffer)

-        Second important thing:

-        Roosevelt wants free elections, Stalin later doesn’t do this haha)

-        Roosevelt dies after this ☹

  1. Soviet forces capture Berlin - May 2, 1945

-        Advance of the red army (always atrocities committed by armies, poor people and women often the target) (red army was particularly ill-behaved-> rape of women

-        American and British are coming from the other way, as they are moving through and discovering the concentration/murder camps.

  1. Germany surrenders (VE Day) - May 8, 1945

-        Almost a year after D-day.

-        War in the Pacific wasn’t over yet (War was ugly in the pacific)

  1. Atomic bombing of Hiroshima - August 6, 1945

-        One of the reasons were that US thought that to fight the Japanese on their homeland would cost 1mil allied soldiers, bomb was faster.

-        Truman did this

  1. Atomic bombing of Nagasaki - August 9, 1945

-         

  1. Japan surrenders (VJ Day) - August 15, 1945

-        After second bomb

  1. Formal Japanese surrender - September 2, 1945

-        Not on the test cuz not important

 

Names

 

1.      Adolf Hitler

2.     Heinrich Himmler

3.     Joseph Goebbels

4.     Hermann Goering

5.     Joseph Stalin

6.     Winston Churchill

7.     Franklin D. Roosevelt

8.    Harry S. Truman

9.     Emperor Hirohito

10.  Benito Mussolini

11.   Chiang Kai-shek.

12.  Charles de Gaulle

-        Wants to liberate paris

13.  Tito

14.  Rosie the Riveter 

Also Erwin rommel in Almein

 

 

 

Concepts and Ideas

 

15.  Axis Powers

16.  Allied Powers

17.  Blitzkrieg

-        “Lightning war”

-        bombard the enemy positions: airfields, drop in paratroops (Luftwaffe)

-        Tanks go fast and smash through things and just go (go through weakest spots) (don’t stop to fight people) (when you smash through enemy theyre in a mess)

-        Mobilized/motorized infantry goes behind and just cleans up

18.  Einsatzgruppen

-        A group of specially chosen SS soldiers that would follow after the army and gather up jews and shoot them (dig their own graves and shoot them)

-        Later found a better way (concentration camps)

19.  Collaboration

20. Genocide

21.  Appeasement

22. Total War

23. War Crimes

24. Propaganda

25. SS

26. White Rose Society

-        Professor and 4 students (2 students brother sister) in gErmany at university -> they did a bunch of anti-nazi things (pamphlets), was a resistance group, executed by guillotine

27. V1 and V2 Rockets

-        Nazi-invented rockets -> firing them from France and Netherlands into London, made allies nervous because what if Hitler figured out nuclear weapons, to fast to shoot down, 500 V2s,

28. The Manhattan Project

29. The Doolittle Raid

-        American attack on Tokyo (after attack on pearl harbour) bombers flew off a carrier, not a lot of damage done, just psychological, landed in China, couple landed in Japan.

-        Japanese were humbled

30. Scorched Earth Policy -> burn everything so that you aren’t giving the enemy anything after you leave

31.  Nuremberg

-        Trial and place and law = bad

32. Decolonization

-        Don’t colonize?

33. Soviet Sphere of Influence

-        Where the soviets wanted to take over (line to connenct/create a barrier between them and western Europe

34. Cold War Origins

35. The greater Asia co-prosperity

 

Luftwaffe: air force

 

 

24 multiple choice

3 paragraph questions (gives us 6 so we can choose)

-        1st one you have to do and you choose 2 other ones

-        Pull different topics together, big picture things, connections between events

-        How did nazi-soviet pact have an effect on the invasion of Poland?

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