world history
Study guide
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📘 History Chapter 2 Review (Using Notes)
Alphabet – The Phoenicians developed the alphabet .
Mesopotamia and which rivers – Mesopotamia is between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers .
Cuneiform earliest writing – The Sumerians created cuneiform, the earliest form of writing .
Sumerian towers – They built ziggurats, temple towers .
Sargon of Akkad – He established the Akkadian Empire, the world’s first empire .
Destruction of Jerusalem – The Babylonians (Nebuchadnezzar) destroyed Jerusalem in 586 BC .
Nebuchadnezzar – He ruled Babylon, built the Hanging Gardens, and took the Hebrews into exile .
Epic of Gilgamesh – A Sumerian epic that mentions a great flood .
How many tribes formed Kingdom of Israel – 12 tribes formed the kingdom .
North of Egypt called… South Egypt called… – North = Lower Egypt; South = Upper Egypt .
Nile flow which way? – The Nile flows south to north .
Age of Pharaohs – Another name for the Old Kingdom .
Middle Kingdom what is it called and who took over? – Known as the Age of the People; later invaded by the Hyksos .
Age of the Empire (New Kingdom) – Known as the Age of the Empire when Egypt became most powerful .
Persian empire was divided into… – Divided into satrapies (provinces) .
1st female Pharaoh – Hatshepsut .
Persians worshipped this god – Ahura Mazda (Zoroastrianism) .
Egyptian society treated these people equally. – Women were treated with more equality in Egypt than in most ancient societies .
Jonah preached to which city? – Jonah preached to Nineveh (Assyrian capital) .
What word means worshipping many gods? – Polytheism .
Who started the 1st empire? – Sargon of Akkad .
The Nile ends in which shape? – It ends in a delta (triangle shape) .
What was Khufu’s other name? – Known to the Greeks as Cheops .
What did Khufu build? – The Great Pyramid at Giza .
What allowed us to decode hieroglyphics? – The Rosetta Stone .
Who decoded hieroglyphics? – Jean-François Champollion .
Who were the masters of iron? – The Hittites .
Which Phoenician city ended up in the sea? – Tyre .
Jacob was renamed to what? – Israel .
Who ruled Israel after King David? – Solomon .
Vedas – The sacred writings of the Aryans in India .
Astrology – Belief that heavenly bodies influence human affairs .
Astronomy – The scientific study of heavenly bodies .
Cyrus – Known as Cyrus the Great, founder of the Persian Empire .
Diaspora – The scattering of the Jews after captivity .
The way of life of a group of people is their… – Culture .
Fertile Crescent – The curved region of fertile land from Mesopotamia to Canaan .
How did Cyrus defeat Babylon? – He diverted the Euphrates River and entered under the walls .