Social Change Notes

18th Amendment (1920): Established legal ban on alcohol manufacture, sale, and transportation.
Causes: Resulted from widespread alcohol abuse.
Bootleggers: Smugglers of alcohol.
Speakeasies: Illegal bars operating during Prohibition.
Organized Crime: Rise of gangster activity supplying alcohol.
Mid-1920s: Most arrests related to Prohibition crimes.
End of Decade: Growing calls for repeal of Prohibition.
21st Amendment (1933): Repealed the 18th Amendment.

19th Amendment (November 1920): First election after its passage.
1924 Election: Inclusion of female delegates and election of two female governors.
Equal Rights Amendment: Proposed by Alice Paul in 1923; passed in Congress but not ratified by states.
WW1 Impact: Women took over factory jobs left by soldiers.
Home Life Changes: Increased female workforce participation, rise of electric appliances, and shift to ready-made clothing.

Henry Ford (1913): Introduced the assembly line to automobile manufacturing.
Industries Boosted: Increased demand for tires, glass, paint, metal parts, and oil drilling.
Price Decrease: Car cost dropped from 850 to 290.
Assembly Efficiency: Time reduced from 14 hours to 93 minutes.
Vehicle Registrations (1920-1928): Significant surge in vehicle ownership.
Infrastructure Expansion: New roads, restaurants, motels, gas stations, car dealerships, and auto repair shops emerged.
Social Effects: Growth of suburbs, reduced reliance on public transport, women gained autonomy through driving, and enhanced connection between rural areas and towns.

Media Evolution: Growth of radio programming and motion pictures, transitioning from silent black-and-white films to those with sound.