21st literature - Literary Periods

Literary period

Pre-Colonial Literature - BC - 1564

Before the Philippines was colonized by the Spaniards, "la islas filipinas" was the first name of the Philippines. The Spaniards believe Philippines was rich in resources. They believed the archipelago have to be inhabited.

The literature during this time was not preserved. The Philippine alphabet "Alibata" was lost and burned by the colonizers. They believed it was a work of demons.

The literatures were addressed through ears rather than in a written way.

Forms:

  • Oral Literature

  • Folk Tales

  • Folk Songs

  • Riddles

  • Proverbs

Spanish Period - 1565 - 1898

The Spaniards colonized the Philippines for more than three centuries
Filipinos then were called "ladinos"

Miguel Lopez De Legaspi

  • First Spanish Governor-General

  • Literature flourished during his time

  • Spanish colonization of the Philippines started in 1565

Forms:

Religious Literatures

  • Pasyon

  • Cenakulo

  • Komedya

Secular Literatures

  • Corrido

  • Awit

  • Prose Narratives

Propaganda Literature

  • Noli Me Tangere

Revolutionary Literature

  • El Filibusterismo

Doctrina Cristiana - First book in the Philippines written and printed in 1593

  • our father / Pater noster

  • hail mary / Ave maria

  • hail holy queen / Regina Coeli

  • ten commmandments of God

  • seven mortal sins

  • how to confess

  • catherism

Fr. Juan De Palencia - Tagalog
Fr. Domingo Niera - Spanish

American literary period - 1898 -1944

Public school system was introduce in the Philippines and great leap in education and culture.
Jose Garcia Villa - "Free verse writer"

Thomasites taught us the English language

Famous writers
aurello tolentino - kahapon, ngayon, at bukas
juan matapang - hindi aco patay
juan abad - tanikalang ginto, footnote to youth, how my brother leon brought a wife

Forms:

  • Poetry

  • Drama

  • Remake Novels

Japanese literary period - 1941 - 1945

Philippine literature came to a halt. (except for tribune and philippine review - newspapers)

Forms:

  • karaniwang anyo - common form of poetry

  • haiku - a free verse poem divided into three lines 5-7-5

  • tanaga - same with haiku but contrary to it is rhymed and measured

during this time, newspapers are important (tribune/Philippine review)

Activism literary period - 1970 - 1972

Youth became completely rebellious during this period. Proven not only in the bloody demonstrations and in sidewalk expressions but also in literature.
Ferdinand Marcos sr. was the president
Martial Law started September 21, 1972

New society literary period - 1972 - 1980

Military government established new office called "The ministry of public affairs" that supervised newspapers, books, and other publications.
"Carlos Palanca Awards" continued to give annual awards - given to best and canonical writers and authors

Third republic literary period - 1981 - 1985

After ten years of military rule and some changes in the life of the Filipino which started under the NEW SOCIETY, martial rule was at last lifted.
Martial law was lifted in January 2, 1981

To those in the government, the lifting of the military rule heralded a change.
The Philippines became a new nation and this, former president Marcos called "The New Republic of the Philippines".

Post-EDSA 1 revolution 1986 - 1995

Marcos Sr. stepped down
February 21 - 25, 1986 People walked down the EDSA to revolt

newspapers:
inquirer
people's journal
malaya