basics 
- C: A general-purpose programming language that is widely used for system programming.
- C++: An extension of C that includes object-oriented features.
- Java: An object-oriented programming language known for its portability across platforms.
- Python: A high-level programming language that emphasizes code readability.
- JavaScript: A scripting language used primarily for web development to enhance interactivity.
- Ruby: A dynamic, open-source programming language with a focus on simplicity and productivity.
- PHP: A server-side scripting language designed for web development.
- Swift: A programming language developed by Apple for iOS and macOS application development.
- Go: A statically typed, compiled programming language designed for simplicity and efficiency.
- Rust: A systems programming language focused on safety and concurrency.
- Kotlin: A modern programming language that targets the JVM and is officially supported for Android development.
- R: A programming language and free software environment for statistical computing and graphics.
- SQL: A specialized programming language for managing and manipulating databases.