2.1- Plant anatomy

Digital Image PowerPoint Overview

  • Accompanies: Robbins, Management: The Essentials, 4e & Campbell Biology 12e

  • Contains images relevant to: Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, Development, Angiosperm Reproduction, and Biotechnology

Copyright Information

  • Copyright © 2022 Pearson Australia

  • ISBN: 9781488626241 / Urry / Campbell Biology 12e

Plant Structure

Modified Roots

  • Roots may be adapted for various functions ADD EG.

Modified Stems

  • Stems serve multiple roles beyond structural support ADD EG

Modified Leaves

  • Leaves can also have specialized structures for specific functions (specific adaptations not listed in provided content).

Leaf Structure

  • Comparison of leaf structure between monocots and dicots (detailed structure not provided in content).

Tissue Types in Plants

Three Main Tissue Types

  1. Dermal Tissue

    • Protective outer covering.

  2. Ground Tissue

    • Fills space between dermal and vascular tissues.

  3. Vascular Tissue

    • Transportation of nutrients and water.

Growth Types in Plants

Two Types of Growth

  1. Primary Growth

    • Increases length (apical meristems).

  2. Secondary Growth

    • Increases girth (lateral meristems).

Cell Types in Ground Tissue

  • Parenchyma Cells

    • Involved in storage, photosynthesis, and tissue repair.

  • Collenchyma Cells

    • Provide support with flexibility.

  • Sclerenchyma Cells

    • Offer rigid support; often dead at maturity.

Vascular Tissue Functionality

Xylem

  • Function: Transport of water and nutrients.

  • Cell Type: Composed of dead cells (tracheids and vessel elements).

Phloem

  • Function: Transport of sugars (photosynthesis products).

  • Cell Type: Composed of living cells (sieve-tube elements and companion cells).

Anatomical Features

Cross Sections

  • Root Anatomy

    • Shows Casparian strip (not detailed).

  • Stem Anatomy

    • Differences between dicot and monocot structures (not detailed).

  • Leaf Anatomy

    • Visual representation illustrates internal leaf structure.

Characteristics of Monocots vs. Dicots

Monocots

  • Embryos: One cotyledon

  • Leaf Venation: Parallel veins

  • Stems: Vascular tissue scattered

  • Root System: Usually fibrous (no main root)

  • Pollen: One opening in pollen grains

  • Flowers: Floral organs in multiples of three

Dicots

  • Embryos: Two cotyledons

  • Leaf Venation: Netlike veins

  • Stems: Vascular tissue arranged in a ring

  • Root System: Usually a taproot (main root)

  • Pollen: Three openings in pollen grains

  • Flowers: Floral organs in multiples of four or five