From Thomas Jefferson to Peter Carr, 19 August 1785

Letter Overview

  • Author: Thomas Jefferson

  • Recipient: Peter Carr

  • Date: 19 August 1785

Main Themes

  • Time and Opportunity

    • Jefferson expresses disappointment over Carr's lost time and emphasizes the importance of using future time wisely to prepare for a public role.

    • He stresses that every day lost delays opportunities to be useful.

  • Value of Knowledge and Integrity

    • The pursuit of knowledge and science is presented as essential for establishing friendships and making a name in one's country.

    • Jefferson advises prioritizing integrity and virtue over fame and wealth, stating moral character is paramount.

  • Moral Guidance

    • Encourages Carr to make virtuous choices and to act as if under public scrutiny.

    • Jefferson warns against deceitful practices as they lead to greater difficulties.

    • Emphasizes that habitual lying corrupts character and can lead to a loss of credibility.

Educational Recommendations

  • Reading Plan

    • Jefferson outlines a structured reading course focusing on:

      • Ancient History: Start with Goldsmith’s "History of Greece" followed by detailed readings of:

        • Herodotus

        • Thucydides

        • Xenophon (Hellenica and Anabasis)

        • Quintus Curtius

        • Justin

      • Roman History: Transition from Greek to Roman historical texts, then to Modern history.

      • Poetry: Read works by Virgil, Terence, Horace, Anacreon, Theocritus, Homer, and Milton to refine language style.

      • Morality: Read philosophers like Epictetus, Plato, and Cicero for moral insight.

  • Exercise Routine

    • Advocates for physical exercise, particularly walking, stating that it should be a daily habit to promote health and clarity of mind.

    • Suggests using a gun during walks but advises against thinking about studies while walking; focus on the environment instead.

    • Highlights the importance of establishing a consistent daily routine for both exercise and study.

  • Time Management

    • Recommends dividing study hours into three parts: History, Philosophy, and Poetry.

    • Encourages Carr to record his daily schedule and report it back to Jefferson monthly.

Final Thoughts

  • Languages: Stresses the importance of learning French and Spanish, as they will be vital for future academic and public pursuits.

  • Parental Relationship: Jefferson expresses a nurturing, guiding relationship with Carr, showing care for his moral and intellectual development.

  • Commitment to Growth: Emphasizes continuous self-improvement and the need to cultivate friendships and honor instructors.