Biology Unit 2: Earth’s Atmosphere

Question/Vocab Word:

Answer:

21. What did rusted layers of iron in sedimentary rock tell geologists about the composition of the atmosphere? What evidence do banded iron formations provide?

22. Why is Carbon so important compared to the other elements found in living things?

Can form 4 stable bonds with other carbon atoms or other elements

23. What caused a rapid increase in early earth’s atmospheric oxygen levels?

cyanobacteria

24. What is half-life? Be able to calculate it.

25. What controls the flow of gasses in a leaf?

Stomata, regulated by guard cells

26. What type of energy do all living things use to maintain homeostasis? What form is it in?

Chemical Energy, form of ATP

27. When are the stomata opened?

Swollen with water

28. What makes up an ATP molecule? Be able to identify the parts of an ATP molecule on a diagram.

Adenine, ribose, 3 phosphate groups in order

29. Where is most energy stored in an ATP molecule?

Phosphate groups mainly between 2nd and 3d

30. How is energy released in an ATP molecule?

Bond between last 2 phosphate breaks

31. What are autotrophs?

Producers make own energy

32. What are heterotrophs?

consumer/ consume others for energy

33. Where do plants get the energy they need to start photosynthesis?

Sun

34. Where do the light dependent and light independent reactions occur in a chloroplast? 

Dependent- thylakoid 

Independent- stroma

35. Be able to identify the parts in a chloroplast diagram.

36. What are the reactants and products of photosynthesis?

Reactants:

Carbon water

Products:

Glucose oxygen

37. What is the sequence of the three main events in cellular respiration? Where does each step occur?

1. Glycolysis: Break down sugar (2) cytoplasm 

2. Kreb’s Cycle: produce Co2 (2) mitochondria 

3. Electron Transport Chain: require 02 and products a lot of ATP (32) mitochondria 

38. How does cellular respiration release energy?

break down glucose to produce ATP

39. What are the reactants and products of aerobic cellular respiration?

Reactants:

Carbon, water

Products:

Glucose, oxygen, ATP?

40. Why is cellular respiration considered an aerobic process?

Requires oxygen

41. In what kinds of organisms does cellular respiration occur?

all living organisms

42. When does lactic acid fermentation occur? Which types of organisms perform lactic acid fermentation?

Muscle cells use this to make ATP in the absence of oxygen?

43. What are the two main types of fermentation?

Alcoholic Fermentation, Lactic Acid

44. Be able to read a graph and identify general trends and provide evidence of those trends.

45. Why are CO2 levels changing throughout the course of the year? Think about the see-saw pattern on the graphs we looked at.

See-saw pattern:

Summer: High Photosynthesis , Less Co2

Opposite winter

More land in N. Hemisphere= more plants= high PS during Spring/Summer= Less Co2

46. What is the driving cause of climate change?

carbon