Chapter 13
Vital Signs:
-Body temperature: normal~98.6
~Persons age, amount of exercise, circadian rhythm, stress, illnesses, environment affect temp.
-Pulse rate: normal~60-100bpm
-Respiratory rate
-Blood Pressure
~hypothalamus regulates body temperature by balancing the amount of heat the body makes with the amount of heat the body loses.
TEMPERATURE:
~Hypothalamus regulates body temperature by balancing the amount of heat the body makes with the amount of heat the body loses.
-Digital thermometers~oral, rectal, axillary temperature.
-Tympanic thermometer~ear
-Temporal artery thermometer~artery under the skin of the forehead.
-Mercury-free thermometer~oral, rectal, axillary.
+oral thermometer are green or blue, rectal are red.
-DO NOT TAKE ORAL TEMP IF:
-unconscious, using oxygen, confused or disoriented, paralyzed from stroke, facial trauma, seizure, nasogastric tube, younger than 5, sores, redness, swelling in the mouth, injury to face or neck.
TEMP SITE:
-Oral temp:
-Don’t take it if they has smoked, eaten or drunk fluids, chewed gum or exercised within the last 10 to 20 min.
-Rectal temp:
-Insert ½ to 1in
-Tympanic Temp:
¼ to ½ into the ear, hold the ears back a bit.
-Axillary temp: arm pit.
-Wipe arm pits before taking temp.
PULSE:
-Pulse rate is affected by different factors:
-Age: Decrease with age
-Gender: Males=lower, Female=higher than male
-Exercise: Increases with exercise
-Stress:Fear and anxiety increases pulse
-Hemorrhage: Pulse rate increases when blood is first lost=heart working harder.
-Medications: Can increase/decrease.
-Fever/illness: Increases as serve.
-Radial pulse: most common spots for pulse
-inside of the wrist on thumb side of the body
-Respiratory rate normal is 12 to 20
-Count respiratory rate right after.
-Apical Pulse:
-listening directly over the heart with a stethoscope.
-left side of the chest, below the nip.
~Apical will always be higher or same than any other pulse in the body.
-Pulse defecit=apical-another pulse site.
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