Arts Appreciation

Arts - from a Latin term “ars” which means skill, talent, ability

Arts - center of the fields of humanities

Functions of Arts;

  • Personal - for self-expression or gratification (earn)

  • Social - address social issues (protest) as opposed to one' person’s point of view.

  • Physical - created to perform some service. (useful)

Classification of Arts;

  • Verbal - words and languages

    example:

    literature - most accessible art…organization of words. (prose & poetry)

    Oratory - public speaking (uses languages)

  • Non-Verbal - examples: architecture, fashion, design, weaving, ceramics and photography.

  • Mixed - theater and drama, opera, cinema, and performing arts (singing and dancing)

  • Applied Arts - resulting product. useful. (utensils)

  • Fine Arts - No function (drawing, painting)

Major Classification of Arts: Applied Arts and Fine Arts

Parts of a Work of Art

  1. Subject - (image) easily identify.

    Two Types of Subjects of Art:

    A. Representational Art - can be seen in (Reality)

    B. Non-Representational Art - opposite (Abstract)

  2. Form - (structure) overall organization of the artwork. Its elements.

  3. Content - meaning (message)

Form and Composition

  1. Two-Dimensional Art (2D) - width & height/length and only bound to work within the frame.

    A. Painting - use pigments/ colors to surface

    Common Painting Techniques

    Watercolor - water-based

    Fresco - wet wall/paints. if dries be an integral part of the wall.

    Tempera - egg yolk

    Pastel - stick of dried paste

    Encaustic - heat

    Oil Painting - heaviest medium

    Acrylic - synthetic. fast drying paint

    Easel painting - portable support (stand for canvas)

    Mural Painting - large walls

    Relief - raised on the surface

    Famous Renaissance Artists:

    Sandro Botticelli (1445-1510)

    Sandro Botticelli - Florence, Italy

    Sandro Botticelli - Fortitude

    Sandro Botticelli - The Birth of Venus

    Sandro Botticelli - Temptation of Chist

    Sandro Botticelli - St. Augustine

    Sandro Botticelli - Adoration of the Magi

    Leonardo Da Vinci - epitome

    Leonardo Da Vinci - Last Supper

    Leonardo Da Vinci - Mona Lisa

    Leonardo Da Vinci - Vitruvian Man

    Michelangelo Buonarroti - archetypal

    Michelangelo Buonarroti - Sistine

    Michelangelo Buonarroti - Chapel Ceiling

    Michelangelo Buonarroti - Creation of Adam

    Michelangelo Buonarroti - David

    Michelangelo Buonarroti - Pieta

    Famous Filipino Painters:

    Fernando Amorsolo - Grand Old Man of Philippine Art

    Fernando Amorsolo - First National Artrist (1972)

    Fernando Amorsolo - impressionist painter of rural landscapes

    Fernando Amorsolo - Dalagang Bukid

    Fernando Amorsolo - Emilio Aguinaldo

    Fernando Amorsolo - Making of the Ph. flag

    Fernando Amorsolo - First Baptism in the Ph.

    Carlos ‘Botong’ Francisco - National Arts for Visual Arts (1973)

    Carlos ‘Botong’ Francisco -painter of ‘fisherfolk’ in Angono, Rizal

    Carlos ‘Botong’ Francisco -famous mural paintings at the Manila City Hall

    Juan Luna - Filipino Painter and Activitist

    Juan Luna - In 1884, he earned the gold medal at the Exposicion de Bellas Artes in Madrid fro his painting, the Spolarium.

  2. Three-Dimensional Art (3D) - actual and real depth.

    A. Architecture - art of designing and constructing building.

    Technique:

    Post-Lintel system: 2 vertical supports and 2 horizontal beam on top. (ex. Stonehenge)

    8 wonders of the world:

    Great Wall of China - Qin and Ming dynasty stretches thru North China from East to west.

    Chichen Itza - Mayan City in Mexico.

    Chichen Itza - flourished from 5th to the 13th centuries CE.

    Chichen Itza - features 365 steps for solar year

    Chichen Itza - reflects the Mayan’s advanced astronomical knowledge.

    Petra - famous archeological site in Jordan’s southwestern desert. with the affectionate name “Rose City”

    Machu Pichu - Peru, Peruvian Andes. on top of a mountain. (Inca civil.)

    Christ the Redeemer - Mount Corcovcado in Rio de Janeiro.

    Christ the Redeemer - 130 foot statue and weighs 635 tons

    Christ the Redeemer - designed by Heitor da Silva Costa

    Colosseum - ancient amphitheater in Rome.

    Colosseum - hosting gladiatorial contest, public executions and diverse events.

    Taj Majal - Agra, India. (marble mausoleum)

    Taj Majal - by Emperor Shah Jahan for his wife Mumtaz Mahal

    Angkor Wat - Cambodia, was truim over POMPEII in Italy.

    Famous Filipino Painters:

    Juan Nakpil - First National Artist for Architecture (1973)

    Juan Nakpil - Father of Ph. Architecture; renovated Quiapo church

    Leonardo Locsin - CCP and PICC

    Leonardo Locsin - Cultural Center of the Philippines

    Leonardo Locsin - Philippine International Convention Center

    B. Sculpture - most of the media used are clay, glass, plastics, wood, stone or metal.

    Techniques used in Sculpture

    Carving - cutting away

    Modeling - adding

    Casting - creating a form by pouring a liquid material

    Assemblege - joins together

    Molding - shaping material

    Famous Filipino Sculptors:

    Guillermo Estrella Tolentino - First National Artist for Sculpture (1973)

    Guillermo Estrella Tolentino - Father of PH. Sculputure

    Guillermo Estrella Tolentino - Oblation, Bonaficio Monument

    Eduardo Castrillo - famous for landmark sculptures E.G People Power Monument

    Napoleon Abueva - father of Modern Philippine Sculpture Works

    Napoleon Abueva - Judas’ Kiss and the Transfiguration

    C. Textile Arts - crafts that use plants, animals, or synthetic fibers to construct practical or decorative objects.

    Textile Arts in the Philippines:

    T’nalak - T’boli tribe

    Pis-yabit or Seputangan - Tausugs of Sulu

    Ikat - Ifugao

    Dagmay - Mandaya, made from Abaca.

    Inaul - Maguindanaon

    Banig - Basey, Samar.

    Puso - Cebu.

    D. Technological Media - new media technologies…

    Photography - capturing optical images.

    Daguerreotype - first camera

    Kodachrome - colored camera

    Films - most advanced (visual and audio projections including MOVEMENT.

    Computer Arts - done in Adobe…

Philosophical Themes in Art

Integrity - faithfulness to one’s principles

Proportion/Consonance - balance or consistency for effect

Radiance / Clarity - impact or meaning from the observer

Elements of Art

  1. Line - path, point moving in space. one-dimensional and can vary in width, direction, and length.

    Types of Line:

    Vertical Lines - height, strength, dignity, posture. (ex. Petronas Towers)

    Horizontal Lines - width, distance, calmness, stability (ex. Horizon)

    Diagonal Lines - action, lack of stability. (Leaning Tower of Pisa)

    Zigzag Lines - excitement, fear, anxiety, restlessness. (Sydney Opera House)

    Curved Lines - comfort and ease; sensual quality of body. (sofa chair)

  2. Shape - shape and form define objects in space. It is also 2-dimensional, height and width are usually defined by lines.

  3. Form - define objects in space. Form exist in 3-dimensions with height, width and depth.

    A. Geometric - accurately measured shapes

    B. Free Form - irregular in structure

  4. Space - involves the outer and inner spaces of an artwork. (hypothetical area)

    A. Positive Space - subject or areas of interest in an artwork

    B. Negative Space - background or the area that surrounds the subject of the work.

  5. Texture - surface quality of an object that we sense through touch

  6. Value - called Chiaroscuro refers to the lightness or darkness of a color.

    A. Tinting - light values : add white color

    B. Shading - dark values : add black color

  7. Color - property of light. When light goes out, color goes with it.

Warm color: Red, Orange, Yellow

Cool Colors: Green, Blue, Violet