Chapter 13 - Delivery

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  • nonverbal communication - communication based on a person’s use of voice and body, rather than on the use of words

  • What Is Good Delivery?

    • does not call attention to itself

    • conveys speaker’s ideas clearly and interestingly without distracting the audience

    • combine a degree of formality and best attributes of a good conversation:

      • directness, spontaneity, animation, vocal and facial expressiveness, and a lively sense of communication

    • an art, not a science

  • Methods of Delivery - there are four

    • Reading From a Manuscript

      • manuscript speech - a speech that is written out word for word and read to the audience

      • if you have to do this, practice eye contact, practice so it sounds natural, ensure legibility, directness and sincerity

    • Reciting from Memory

      • hard, sometimes cool, but you would have to memorize it so thoroughly

    • Speaking Impromptu

      • impromptu speech - a speech delivered with little or no immediate preparation

      • state point you are answer, state point you wish to make, support point, summarize point

      • :(((((((((((((

    • Speaking Extemporaneously

      • extemporaneous speech - a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes

      • you can have notes

      • lol

      • conversational quality - presenting a speech so it sounds spontaneous no matter how many times it has been rehearsed

  • The Speaker’s Voice

    • Volume

      • volume - the loudness or softness of the speaker’s voice

      • make sure volume is good!

    • Pitch

      • pitch - the highness or lowness of the speaker’s voice

      • inflections - changes in the pitch or tone of a speaker’s voice

      • monotone - a constant pitch or tone of voice

      • practice pitch

    • Rate

      • rate - the speed at which a person speaks

      • can change your rates

      • don’t go too slow or too fast

      • practice

      • play back and practice and record

    • Pause

      • pause - a momentary break in the vocal delivery of a speech

      • work on them!! listen to accomplished speakers

      • vocalized pause - a pause that occurs when a speaker fills the silence between words with vocalizations such as “uh,” “er,” and “um.”

        • can cause negative perceptions about a speaker’s intelligence and make them appear deceptive

    • Vocal Variety

      • vocal variety - changes in a speaker’s rate, pitch, and volume that give the voice variety and expressiveness

      • strive for this!!

    • Pronunciation

      • pronunciation - the accepted standard of sound and rhythm for words in a given language

      • make sure you are not mispronouncing words!

      • practice

    • Articulation

      • articulation - the physical production of particular speech sounds

      • work on have cleaner articulation

    • Dialect

      • dialect - a variety of a language distinguished by variations of accent, grammar, or vocabulary

      • these do not pose a problem when the audience is familiar with them

      • just depends on your audience

  • The Speaker’s Body

    • kinesics - the study of body motions as a systematic mode of communication

    • personal appearance - it might slightly affect how your audience perceives you, dress and groom appropriately

    • movement - control movement and concentrate be conscious but also focus on speech, maintain eye contact

    • gestures - motions of a speaker’s hands or arms during a speech

      • should appear natural, should clarify, be suited to audience and occasion

    • eye contact - direct visual contact with the eyes of another person

      • look personally and pleasantly

  • Practicing Delivery

    • go through preparation outline aloud, run through checklist

    • prepare speaking outline

    • practice speech aloud several times using only speaking outline, get a feel for the ideas, keep going and don’t stop if you’ve made a mistake

    • then polish and refine delivery, practice infront of a mirror, test it on others

    • give your speech a dress rehearsal

  • Answering Audience Questions

    • preparing for the question-and-answer session

    • formulate answers to possible questions

    • practice the delivery of your answers

    • approach questions with a positive attitude

    • listen carefully

    • direct answers to the entire audience

    • be honest and straightforward

    • stay on track