schools of literary criticism

english as a subject invented 1920s, 1930s
english was considered the women’s classics when introduced at university. only introduced when women started going to uni. english literature became ‘soft’ classics
practical criticism was invented by I.A RICHARDS - lets make english more science like and regiment it. incorporated linguistics.
more analysis focused
1950s, 60s french philosophers changed way humanities were studied. what english did as a response was use these philosophical concepts.
more idea focused, what the text is attempting to suggest
70s, 80s new type of society?? post 1960s world. greater post colonial immigration, advances in technology, free love movement, hippies, drugs, rock and roll, social movements in western world that are rebellious in nature, rebelling against war time generations values. great amount of philosophy and adults that see society diff. post modern society. less interested in what writers were saying and more about the external contexts. ex. class, gender. how can you know what an author intends??
ao3, using external concepts and contexts to understand literature

feminism - women

marxism - class + power

queer theory - sexuality

psychoanalysis - psychoanalytic concepts

ecocriticism - environment

new historicism - history

postmodernism - society, late 20th century breakdown

poststructuralism - language