Chapter 1 test Guide

Categories of Biological Organization

  • Not a Category of Biological Organization:

    • Species

    • Cohort

    • Domain

    • Genus

    • Correct Answer: Cohort

  • Most Number of Organisms:

    • Choices:

    • Cohort

    • Species

    • Domain

    • Genus

    • Correct Answer: Domain

  • Includes Both Biotic and Abiotic Elements:

    • Choices:

    • Population

    • Tissues

    • Community

    • Ecosystem

    • Correct Answer: Ecosystem

Life Requires Energy

  • Ultimate Source of Energy:

    • Choices:

    • Electrical energy

    • Sun

    • Photosynthesis products from plants

    • Water

    • Correct Answer: Sun

Characteristics of Living Organisms

  • Not a Characteristic of Living Organisms:

    • Choices:

    • Breathing oxygen

    • Evolutionary adaptation

    • Cellular organization

    • Reproduction

    • Correct Answer: Breathing oxygen

Domains Containing Prokaryotic Organisms

  • Prokaryotic Organisms:

    • Select All That Apply:

    • Archaea

    • Bacteria

    • Eukarya

    • Viruses

    • Correct Answers: Archaea, Bacteria

Interaction with Environment

  • Interactions Indicated By:

    • Choices:

    • Ability to reproduce

    • Response to stimuli

    • Chemotaxis

    • Metabolic processes

    • Correct Answer: Response to stimuli

Biological Domains

  • Domain Containing Animals:

    • Choices:

    • Eukarya

    • Chordata

    • Animale

    • Vertebrata

    • Correct Answer: Eukarya

Taxonomy

  • Branch of Biology:

    • Concerned With: Identifying and naming organisms

    • Choices:

    • Epidemiology

    • Phylogeny

    • Demographics

    • Taxonomy

    • Correct Answer: Taxonomy

Scientific Method

  • Begins With:

    • Choices:

    • Laboratory testing

    • A problem to solve

    • Observation

    • A checklist

    • Correct Answer: Observation

Variables in Experiments

  • Independent Variable vs Dependent Variable:

    • Study on Athletes' Intake of Steroids:

    • Independent Variable:

      • Intake of anabolic steroids by an athlete

    • Dependent Variable:

      • Average gain in body weight of a group of athletes

Data Examination

  • Examining the Following Data:

    • For Every 3 Drops of Sodium Hydroxide: pH level of solution increases by 1 level.

    • Type of Data:

    • Variables

    • Correlation

    • Quantitative

    • Qualitative

    • Correct Answer: Quantitative

Reasoning Types

  • Type of Reasoning in Statement About Insects:

    • Statement: "Insects generally survive mild winters better than harsh ones. Therefore, insect pests will become more problematic if global temperatures continue to rise."

    • Type of Reasoning:

    • Inductive

    • Deductive

    • Correct Answer: Inductive

Steps of the Scientific Method illustrated

  • Rick's Prediction About Seeds:

    • Prediction: Seeds will grow faster in sunny, warm locations

    • Step Illustrated: Hypothesis

  • Michael's Guinea Pigs Experiment:

    • Experiment: Different diets show need for vitamin C and protein

    • Step Illustrated: Conclusion

  • Susan's Fertilization Prediction on Geraniums:

    • Statement: "If I fertilize my geranium plants, they will blossom."

    • Step Illustrated: Hypothesis

Control Groups

  • Mr. Krabs Breath Mint Experiment:

    • Group A: Breath mint with secret ingredient

    • Group B: Regular breath mint

    • Control Group:

    • Correct Answer: Group B

Experiment Variables and Results

  • Variable from Krusty Krab Experiment:

    • Choices:

    • The crabby patties

    • The secret ingredient in the breath mint

    • Bad breath

    • Quantity of crabby patties eaten

    • Correct Answer: The secret ingredient in the breath mint

  • Conclusion from Krusty Krab Experiment:

    • Options:

    • The breath mint with the secret ingredient reduces breath odor in all users

    • The breath mint tasted terrible

    • The breath mint was effective in 80% of users

    • The breath mint with the secret ingredient is NOT effective in eliminating bad breath

    • Correct Answer: The breath mint with the secret ingredient is NOT effective in eliminating bad breath.

Bubble Experiment

  • Patrick and SpongeBob's Bubble Experiment:

    • Claim: Super Bubble Soap produces bubbles twice as large

    • Samples:

    • Super Bubble: 5 oz. of Super Bubble Soap + 5 oz. water

    • Regular: 5 oz. regular soap + 5 oz. water

    • Claims by Super Bubble Ads: Super Bubble produces bubbles twice as large as regular bubble soap

  • Independent Variable in Bubble Experiment:

    • Choices:

    • Cost of bubble solutions

    • Length of time bubbles last

    • Type of bubble solution

    • Bubble size

    • Correct Answer: Type of bubble solution

  • Conclusion from Super Bubble Experiment:

    • Options:

    • Bubbles made with Super Bubble last twice as long

    • Regular bubble soap lasts twice as long as Super Bubble

    • Super Bubble solution did not produce bubbles twice as large

    • Super Bubble soap is more expensive

    • Correct Answer: Super Bubble solution did not produce bubbles twice as large as those made with regular bubble soap.

Atomic Structure

  • Subatomic Particles Found in Nucleus:

    • Select All That Apply:

    • Electrons

    • Orbitals

    • Neutrons

    • Protons

    • Correct Answers: Neutrons, Protons

  • Atomic Number and Mass:

    • Atomic Number: Number of protons

    • Atomic Mass: Combined weight of protons and neutrons

  • Sodium Chloride Electron Transfer:

    • Sodium loses an electron (_)

    • Chloride gains an electron (_)

    • Correct Responses: Oxidized, Reduced

  • Atomic Number of Chlorine:

    • Given: Chlorine has atomic number of 17

    • Protons in One Atom of Chlorine:

    • Correct Answer: 17

  • Difference Between Carbon Atoms:

    • Atomic Mass of Carbon Atoms: 12 and 13

    • Difference:

    • Number of neutrons

Substances and Bonds

  • Definition of Pure Substance:

    • Definition: A pure substance consisting of only one type of atom with a defined set of chemical and physical properties.

    • Choices:

    • Compound

    • Proton

    • Element

    • Molecule

    • Correct Answer: Element

  • Type of Bond Formed:

    • Type of Bond: Caused by the attraction of two oppositely charged ions

    • Choices:

    • Hydrogen

    • Phosphodiester

    • Covalent

    • Ionic

    • Correct Answer: Ionic

Properties of Water

  • NOT a Property of Water:

    • Choices:

    • High heat of evaporation

    • Less dense as a liquid than a solid

    • Polar

    • Universal solvent

    • Correct Answer: Less dense as a liquid than a solid

Acid-Base Properties

  • Order of Substances from Most Acidic to Basic:

    • Options:

    • Sea water, yogurt, vinegar, human blood

    • Human blood, yogurt, sea water, vinegar

    • Yogurt, vinegar, sea water, human blood

    • Vinegar, yogurt, human blood, sea water

    • Correct Answer: Vinegar, yogurt, human blood, sea water