EGP 210 – Middle Childhood & Adolescent Development Notes

Biological Perspective

  • Jean Jacques Rousseau (18th Century): Believed puberty's biological changes trigger heightened emotionality, conflict, and defiance of adults.

  • G. Stanley Hall (1904): Described adolescence as a surge of instinctual passions, akin to human evolution from savages to civilized beings.

  • Anna Freud (1969): Viewed adolescence as a biologically-based, universal