Notes on Gland Classification and Connective Tissue

Functional Classification of Exocrine Glands

Merocrine Glands

  • Most abundant functional type of gland in the body.
  • Secretion Process: Substances are synthesized on ribosomes (located on the rough endoplasmic reticulum), then processed by the Golgi apparatus, and finally released in secretory vesicles.
  • Examples: Salivary glands, pancreatic glands, and sweat glands.
  • Key characteristic: Secretory cells are not destroyed during the secretory process; they remain intact.

Holocrine Glands

  • Secretion Process: Secretory cells rupture and are destroyed to release their secretory substance.
  • These glands typically produce lipid-based secretions.
  • Example: Sebaceous glands.

Connective Tissue

General Characteristics

  • Composed of living cells and a non-living matrix (which includes ground substance and protein fibers).
  • Vascularity: Usually highly vascularized, meaning they have a rich blood supply.
    • Exceptions: Cartilage and tendons are notable exceptions as they are poorly vascularized or avascular.
  • Origin: All connective tissues are formed from mesenchyme, which is an embryonic tissue.
  • Blast Cells: Mesenchymal embryonic cells give rise to