Chapter 1: Intro

• Atoms consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons

• Protons are positively charged, neutrons have no charge, and electrons are negatively charged

Chapter 2: Atomic Number

• The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom

• The atomic number determines the identity of the atom

Chapter 3: Mass Number

• The mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons in an atom

• The mass number can vary among atoms of the same element, these are called isotopes

• To find the number of neutrons, subtract the atomic number from the mass number

Chapter 4: Summary

• The periodic table lists elements in order of increasing atomic number

Chapter 5: Periodic Table

• The atomic number is always a whole number, but the mass number can be a fraction

• The mass number represents the average composition of a sample of the element, which contains different isotopes

Chapter 6: Mass Numbers

• Carbon has two primary stable isotopes: carbon 12 and carbon 13

• The mass number of carbon is obtained by considering the abundances of carbon 12 and carbon 13

Chapter 7: Mass Numbers per Carbon

• Carbon 12 has 6 protons and 6 neutrons, while carbon 13 has 6 protons and 7 neutrons

• The atomic mass of carbon is calculated using the normal abundances of carbon 12 and carbon 13