terminology
Dorsal - toward the back
Ventral - toward the front
Cranial - toward the head
Caudal - toward the tail
Proximal - toward the trunk
Medial - towards the midline
Internal (deep) - away from the surface
Posterior - towards the back
Anterior - towards the front
Superior - towards the head
Inferior - away from the head
Distal - away from the trunk
Lateral - away from the midline
External - toward the surface
Examples :
Eyes are lateral to the nose
Eyes are medial to the ears
Hand is distal to the elbow
Elbow is proximal to the hand
Skin is superficial to the muscles
Bone are deep into the skin
Umbilicus is on the ventral portion of the body
Anatomical position:
In anatomical position the body is erect and the feet are parallel to one another flat on the floor, the eyes are directed forward, and the arms are at the side of the boy with the palm of the hands facing anterior with the fingers pointed straight down.
Median sagital plane: Extends from front to back and top to bottom. Body is divided into right and left halves.
Frontal (coronal) plane: Cuts body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) halves.
Transverse (horizontal) plane: Cuts body into top (superior) and bottom (posterior) halves.