Hydrocarbons

{{$<strong>METHOD OF PREPARATION FOR ALKANE:</strong>${{

\ <<1. decarboxylation reaction: When sodium salt of fatty acid in the presence of sodium hydroxide and soda lime (3:1) ratio gives one less carbon than the reactant. The product formed is an alkane. It is directly proportional to the stability of the anion.<<

<<2. Kolbe’s electrolysis: By the electrolysis of aqueous concentrated sodium or potassium salt of carboxylic acid then symmetrical alkane is formed at the anode.<<

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\ <<3. From alkyl halide:<<

<<i) Reduction of alkyl halide: it gives alkane. the reducing agents are Red P/ HI, Zn/HCl, Zn/Ch3cooh, Al-Hg/ethanol<<

<<ii) Wurtz reaction: when an alkyl halide is heated with sodium in presence of dry ether, a symmetrical alkane is formed.<<

<<iii) Frankland reagent: when alkyl halide is heated with zinc in an inert medium, then alkane is obtained.<<

<<4. From unsaturated compounds: In the presence of Ni/H2 when alkyne/alkene reacts it forms alkane. This reaction is called Sebetian Sandmeyer reaction.<<

<<5. From Grignard reagent:<<

<<6. Fittig reaction:<<

<<7. Wurtz-Fittig reaction:<<

<<8. Correy-House synthesis:<<

<<9. From G.R:<<

<<10. From metal carbides:<<

<<11. From reduction of -oh, -cooh, -c=o, -c=o-oh in presence of red P/HI:<<

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