Schizophrenia

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia include diminished emotional expression, avolition, and anhedonia.

Prodromal symptoms precede the active phase and may include social withdrawal and loss of interest.

Residual symptoms of schizophrenia may consist of mild hallucinations and negative symptoms.

Genetic factors and neurotransmitter abnormalities are linked to schizophrenia.

Concordance rates for schizophrenia: 9% for biological siblings, 17% for fraternal twins, 48% for identical twins.

Dopamine hypothesis suggests hyperactivity in subcortical regions for positive symptoms and hypoactivity in cortical regions for negative symptoms.

Treatment for schizophrenia includes antipsychotic drugs, family therapy, cognitive behavior therapy, and social skills training.