Behavioral Health Unit 2

Unit 1.1 What is Psychology?

  • Ancient Greek philosophers found out that observations have natural and not supernatural explanations.

  • British empiricists found that knowledge is the result of experience.

  • Ancient physicians found that the brain is the source of the mind.

  • 17th-18th century scientists found that sensation and movement of the body means the brain was physical.

  • Hermann von Helmholtz has studies of reaction time which backed up that the mindis physical.

Unit 1.2 How Did the Science of Psychology Begin?

  • Wilhelm Wundt is a psychologist who did the first psychological experiment

    • This experiment was testing reaction time to see how quick a person reacted to a ball dropping on a platform by hitting a telegraph key.

    • Made structuralism idea, which is that we should study the mind by breaking it into basic parts of memory

  • Max Wertheimer uses structuralism to make the Gestalt psychology which is when people perceive incomplete figures as complete. Gestalt is Greek for whole.

    • EX. A 13 C, when asked to read from A you will automatically see 13 as a B.

  • William James uses functionalism to see what the mind does and how it helps people adapt to their environment.

  • Mary Calkins is the first woman president of the American Psychological Association.

  • Sigmund Freud made the psychodynamic theory which __________

  • Abraham Maslow made humanistic psychology which believed that people are naturally good and motivated to improve.

  • Watson believed that if something is paired with

  • Ivan Pavlov made behaviorism which believed that experience is the main source of behavior.

  • Ulric Neisser made cognitive revolution which believed that private mental processing can be studied scientifically.

Unit 1.3 What Are Psychological Perspectives?

  • There is five perspectives of psychology.

    • Biological/neuroscience focuses on how the brain, body, and genes influence our actions and thoughts.

    • Evolutionary shows how we are shaped by our ancestors such as behavior and survival skills.

    • Cognitive focuses on how we process, store, and retrieve information from our brain to make decisions.

    • Developmental is the normal change of behavior as a person ages

    • Sociocultural is how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures.

    • Clinical which is