AP Lang

1. Anaphora - repeating word/phrase at the beginning (I have a dream of… I have a dream that…)

2. Epistrophe- repeating word/phrase at the end (hear no evil. see no evil.)

3. Epanalepsis- same word at the beginning and end of a sentence (Mankind no like mankind)

4. Anadiplosis- End of sentence 1, beginning of sentence 2. (I love you. You love her)

5. Antimetabole/Chiasmus- when words are repeated in reverse order. (injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere)

6. Asyndeton - no and, buts, or, (shrimp, fry, bake)

7. Polysyndeton- a lot of conjunctions (You can shrimp and fry or bake)

8. Parataxis- indep clauses placed next to each other -no conjunctions-equal (I came, I saw, I conquered)

9. Parallelism- umbrella, parallel/ balanced thing.

10. Antithesis- opposite ideas are expressed in parallel structure (best of times, worst of times)

11. Hyperbaton- inverted sentence (never have I been so insulted).

12. Euphemism- nice way of saying smth (he had to be let go)

13. Circumlocution- using way too many words (uhm so I think we need to uh, you’re such a nice guy but uhhh, there’s this other..)

14. Zeugma- word-verb- used in dif ways, (fell in his arms and in love)

15. Parenthetical elements- unnecessary info added in (parenthesis) or -m-dash- or {brackets}

16. Anapodoton- say half of a cliche phrase, (give a man a fish..)

17. Vague or Undefined Antecedents- unclear who/what is being referred to "(he will save me, she is afraid) who are they?

18. Occulated/Occupatio/Paralipsis- to draw attention to smth w/o directly explaining it, (Don’t get started on his smile)

19. Ellipsis/Elliptical Construction- when a word or phrase is left out of a sentence (….), (He is perfect, {and} she {is} obsessed, {so} they are trouble)

20. Aporia- when a writer questions their own point (How do we know this? Well..)

21. Litotes- stating something is not something else, (Safe to say they’re not happy together)