Fluid

gauge pressure = pgh + Patm
p = density
g = acceleration
h = height
Patm ​ is the atmospheric pressure

gauge pressure = force divided by area (F/A)
bouyent force = denisty of fluid volume gravitational acceleration
mass of object = (bouyent force - tension) / gravitational acceleration
Vsub = m / denisty of fluid

continuity equation: A1v1 = A2v2 > v2 = (A1v1)/2
volume flow rate: Q = A1v1
volume = volume flow rate time (V = Q*t)

Torricelli’s law: v = sqrt(2*g*h)

Force = gauge pressure times by area (P⋅A)

t = sqrt(2(H - h)/g)

R = v*t = sqrt(2gh)*sqrt((2(H-h))/2) = sqrt(4h(H-h))