TASK 2

Vocabulary and Ideas Table

		Section Ideas Key Vocabulary
Introduction	Many young people study academic subjects, but vocational training is equally important.	Academic subjects, vocational training, necessary, qualified workers
Paragraph 2 (Point 1)	Skilled trades like electricians and plumbers are vital for constructing and maintaining public buildings. Example: schools, hospitals, museums.	Skilled trades, construction, maintenance, safety, public buildings
Paragraph 2 (Point 2)	Over-supply of academic graduates in some countries causes graduate unemployment.	Graduate unemployment, over-supply, imbalance, job market, demand
Paragraph 3 (Point 1)	Schools should adapt their curriculum to include practical workshops to teach skilled trades.	Curriculum, workshops, practical skills, hands-on training, adapt
Paragraph 3 (Point 2)	Parents should encourage children to learn skilled trades, offering good job prospects.	Encourage, alternative, skilled trade, job prospects, career path
Conclusion	Restate importance of balancing academic study and vocational training to meet society’s needs.	Balance, academic, vocational, society’s needs, essential

Bảng từ vựng và ý tưởng:

		Chủ đề Từ vựng Ý tưởng
Media và quảng cáo	- Commercial advertising	- Quảng cáo thương mại thường bán hình ảnh sắc đẹp không thực tế.
	- Telemarketing	- Quảng cáo qua điện thoại giúp lan tỏa ý tưởng rằng phẫu thuật thẩm mỹ là điều xã hội chấp nhận được.
	- Social networking sites	- Các mạng xã hội tạo áp lực xã hội, quảng bá hình ảnh phải đẹp như người mẫu.
	- To be socially acceptable	- Phẫu thuật thẩm mỹ được xã hội coi là phương tiện để cải thiện hình ảnh và hấp dẫn người khác.
Xã hội	- To attract a partner	- Mục đích của nhiều người phẫu thuật thẩm mỹ là để thu hút bạn đời hoặc người yêu.
	- Promoting an image of beauty	- Truyền thông quảng bá một hình mẫu sắc đẹp không thể đạt được.
Sức khỏe	- Life-threatening conditions	- Tài nguyên y tế nên được dùng để điều trị các bệnh nguy hiểm đến tính mạng thay vì cho phẫu thuật thẩm mỹ.
	- Operating theatre	- Phòng mổ có thể dành cho các ca phẫu thuật cần thiết thay vì các ca phẫu thuật thẩm mỹ.
	- To be detrimental to health	- Phẫu thuật thẩm mỹ có thể gây hại cho sức khỏe nếu thất bại hoặc gây ra biến chứng.
	- To carry health risks	- Mọi ca phẫu thuật đều tiềm ẩn rủi ro sức khỏe.
Khác	- To enhance	- Phẫu thuật thẩm mỹ nhằm cải thiện vẻ ngoài và sự tự tin.
	- Looks	- Nhiều người tin rằng ngoại hình đẹp giúp họ thành công hơn trong cuộc sống.
	- Irresistibly	- Ý tưởng rằng một vẻ đẹp không thể cưỡng lại sẽ làm tăng cơ hội trong tình cảm.
	- To free	- Phòng mổ và tài nguyên y tế có thể được giải phóng để phục vụ những mục đích ý nghĩa hơn.

Phân tích ý tưởng theo bài viết

Lý do (Reasons):
- Thu hút bạn đời: Những người muốn cải thiện hình ảnh của mình để thu hút người khác.
- Ảnh hưởng từ truyền thông: Truyền thông và mạng xã hội quảng bá hình ảnh sắc đẹp phi thực tế, khiến mọi người nghĩ rằng phẫu thuật là cách để đạt được vẻ đẹp lý tưởng.
Tác động tiêu cực (Negative impacts):
- Giá trị sai lầm: Coi trọng ngoại hình hơn phẩm chất cá nhân.
- Lãng phí tài nguyên: Bác sĩ và phòng mổ có thể được dùng cho những ca phẫu thuật quan trọng hơn.
- Rủi ro sức khỏe: Phẫu thuật thẩm mỹ có thể gây hại, thậm chí thất bại gây ảnh hưởng tiêu cực đến sức khỏe.

Vocabulary and Ideas Table:

		Topic Vocabulary Ideas
Crime	- To turn to crime	- Poverty and unemployment force people to commit crimes for survival.
	- To take into consideration	- Considering social circumstances when judging crimes is crucial.
	- To embark on something	- Some individuals embark on a life of crime due to bad influences from their environment or family.
Society	- Domestic violence	- Domestic violence often arises in areas struggling with poverty and economic pressure.
	- Social deprivation	- Social deprivation, such as poor education and unemployment, is a major cause of criminal behavior.
	- Illiteracy	- High illiteracy rates in prisons highlight the link between poor education and crime.
Psychology and Personality	- To see the big picture	- It is necessary to consider the broader context instead of focusing solely on individuals.
	- To contend	- Some argue that crime stems from the inherently bad nature of certain individuals.
Miscellaneous	- Prevalent	- Crimes like violence and robbery are more prevalent in low-income areas.
	- Overwhelmingly	- Evidence from global studies overwhelmingly links poverty and crime.

Ideas Analysis Based on the Essay:

First View (Crime caused by social problems):
- Poverty and unemployment: A lack of money and jobs leads people to commit crimes as a way to solve their problems.
- Poor education: High illiteracy rates among prisoners show how poor education contributes to crime.
- Domestic violence: Economic stress and desperation in deprived families can lead to violence within households.
Second View (Crime caused by bad individuals):
- Human nature: Some individuals commit crimes simply because of their evil nature, unrelated to social conditions.
- Psychology and genetics: Researching psychological traits and genetic factors can provide insights into criminal behavior.
- Focus on punishment: Emphasis should be placed on punishment as a deterrent for those who choose to engage in criminal acts.
Conclusion (My opinion):
- Primary cause: Crime is primarily a result of social issues such as poverty and lack of education.
- Solution: Addressing these social problems is essential to reducing crime rates in the long term.

Here’s how the vocabulary and ideas from the essay can be organized into a table for clarity and learning purposes:

		Category Vocabulary/Ideas Examples/Extensions
Work-related Vocabulary
To pursue a successful career	To have a series of jobs in a specific field, with increasing responsibility over time.	While some people wish to pursue a successful career, others prioritize jobs that they find meaningful and enjoyable.
To have a steady job	A secure job with minimal risk of unemployment, often routine-based.	Many people prefer a steady job for financial security, even if it lacks excitement.
Promotion opportunities	Chances to advance to higher positions within a company.	Employees often choose jobs based on promotion opportunities to secure better pay and status in the future.
To move up the career ladder	Progressing through a series of roles in a career, gaining more responsibility and status.	Ambitious individuals aim for roles where they can consistently move up the career ladder.
Job prospects	Opportunities for success and growth in a job.	Studying in-demand fields like technology can improve job prospects.
Job satisfaction	The fulfillment one feels when doing a job they enjoy.	People who focus on job satisfaction are generally happier and more motivated in their roles.
Education Vocabulary
Vocational courses	Practical courses designed to prepare students for specific trades or jobs.	Governments should expand vocational courses to help students pursue trades like plumbing, electrical work, or mechanics.
Technology Vocabulary
The digital revolution	Advancements in technology, especially digital tools and systems, that change the way people live and work.	The digital revolution has transformed industries like communication, education, and healthcare.
Robotics technology	The design, construction, and application of robots in various fields.	Robotics technology, although still in its infancy, has already replaced manual labor in manufacturing.
To be in its infancy	The early development stage of something.	Artificial intelligence is still in its infancy, but it has immense potential to revolutionize industries.
Society Vocabulary
Socio-economic changes	Transformations in the social and economic structure of a country or region.	Rapid socio-economic changes, like urbanization and industrialization, affect employment opportunities and job trends.
Other Vocabulary
Accounting	Managing and recording financial transactions.	Careers in accounting are highly valued for their stable job prospects and good salaries.
Precarious	Unstable or uncertain.	Many young people are hesitant to pursue artistic careers because they are often precarious.
To transform	To completely change the form or structure of something.	Technology has transformed traditional industries like retail and education, making them more efficient and accessible.
Ideas
Realistic approach to careers	Young people should prioritize secure jobs with clear promotion paths and steady income.	For example, studying practical fields like business or accounting can offer better long-term job prospects.
Pursuing passion	Young people should follow their interests and choose jobs they enjoy.	Jobs that align with personal passion often result in greater job satisfaction and better performance.
Unpredictable future of work	Rapid changes in technology and the economy make career planning difficult.	For instance, advancements like AI and robotics can create entirely new industries while making traditional jobs obsolete.

This table organizes the ideas and vocabulary into structured categories, making it easier to understand and apply to IELTS writing and speaking tasks.

Here’s a filtered vocabulary list, organized into categories with ideas formatted into a table, and humorous Vietnamese examples to make them easier to remember:

1. Environment Vocabulary

			Word/Phrase Meaning Idea Funny Example (VN)
Environmentally friendly	Does not harm the environment	Use products that don’t pollute, like reusable bags and solar panels.	"Mua túi tái sử dụng, chứ không thì túi ni-lông cũng phải đeo khẩu trang vì ngợp trong biển rác!"
To be bio-degradable	Can decompose naturally	Support biodegradable items like banana leaves for packaging.	"Mua hộp cơm bã mía, ăn xong chôn xuống đất vài tháng sau thành... phân bón cho rau nhà!"
The green movement	Organizations that protect the environment	Join NGOs like Greenpeace or local groups planting trees.	"Đi trồng cây mà lỡ tay chôn luôn cái xẻng, coi như góp đôi công bảo vệ môi trường!"
To take action on global warming	Do something about global warming	Reduce fossil fuel use by promoting renewable energy like wind or solar power.	"Lắp pin mặt trời nhưng quên gỡ màng bảo vệ, cả tuần sau mới phát hiện điện vẫn không đủ để sạc điện thoại!"
To discharge chemical waste	Dump harmful substances from factories	Ban factories from dumping chemicals into rivers or seas.	"Công ty xả hóa chất ra sông, cả làng mất bữa lẩu cá — thay bằng... lẩu rau dại!"

2. Transport Vocabulary

			Word/Phrase Meaning Idea Funny Example (VN)
To upgrade and expand public transport provision	Improve and increase buses, trains, etc.	Make public transport more convenient, affordable, and reliable.	"Xe buýt rộng nhưng ghế hết, đứng mỏi chân đến mức sau chuyến đi khỏi tập gym luôn!"
To subsidize the cost of fares	Make bus and train tickets cheaper	Governments pay part of ticket costs to encourage public transport use.	"Xe buýt giá rẻ đến nỗi còn rẻ hơn tiền gửi xe máy — đi đến nơi còn dư tiền mua... bánh mì ăn sáng!"
Congestion charge	Fee for driving cars in city centers	Reduce traffic jams by charging people for driving in crowded areas.	"Phí tắc đường cao đến nỗi người dân chuyển sang... đi bộ, tiện thể tập thể dục!"

3. Miscellaneous Vocabulary

			Word/Phrase Meaning Idea Funny Example (VN)
Finite	Limited in amount or duration	Highlight the need to conserve Earth's finite resources like fresh water and fossil fuels.	"Nước máy chảy từng giọt, cả nhà gom lại đổ vào nồi... nấu mỳ gói!"
Sustainably	In a way that doesn’t harm the environment	Promote farming, fishing, and logging practices that don’t deplete resources.	"Cá nuôi bền vững nhưng tốn tiền mua thức ăn tới mức cá chưa lớn, túi tiền đã... gầy!"

These ideas and examples can make learning both practical and fun! Let me know if you'd like me to expand any section.

Vocabulary Table and Ideas for IELTS Task 2

			Category Vocabulary Meaning Example
Health	prone to obesity	likely to become fat (in an unhealthy way)	"Children who eat bánh tráng trộn every day without exercise are more prone to obesity."
	detrimental to health	harmful to health	"Drinking too much trà sữa can be detrimental to health, causing both weight gain and tooth decay."
	health awareness campaigns	efforts to encourage people to focus on their health	"Public health awareness campaigns in Vietnam often include posters encouraging people to eat rau muống and stay active."
	sedentary lifestyle	involving little physical activity	"Students who binge-watch Korean dramas instead of walking around often lead a sedentary lifestyle."
Food and Diet	junk food	unhealthy, quick, and easy-to-prepare food	"Too much bánh mì chảo or mì tôm at night can be classified as junk food."
	fast food chains	groups of restaurants owned by the same company	"Fast food chains like KFC and Lotteria are very popular with students in Vietnam."
	to go on a diet	to eat less or specific types of food to lose weight	"After Tết, many people go on a diet to lose the weight they gained eating bánh chưng and giò lụa."
	low in fat and high in fibre	a diet with little fat and plenty of fibre-rich food	"Bún riêu with lots of rau sống is a meal that is low in fat and high in fibre."
	to put on weight	to gain weight	"If you eat bánh flan every day without exercising, you will put on weight."
Government	to raise taxes on	to increase taxes on certain products	"The government could raise taxes on trà sữa to discourage people from buying it."
	high on the agenda	among the most important priorities	"Improving public transport should be high on the agenda to reduce air pollution in Hà Nội."
General Vocabulary	to concur	to agree	"Most doctors concur that excessive sugar is a leading cause of health problems."
	to cut down on	to reduce	"He decided to cut down on bánh xèo after realizing his cholesterol level was high."
	sugary	containing sugar	"Vietnamese chè is very sugary, but it’s hard to resist!"
	to address	to think about a problem and decide how to solve it	"To address the issue of obesity, schools could offer PE classes with games like đá cầu or nhảy dây."

Idea Table

		Key Points Details Funny Example in Vietnamese
Raising prices of fattening foods	- Makes junk food less affordable, reducing consumption.	"Nếu trà sữa giá 200k một ly thì chắc học sinh chỉ uống nước lọc thôi."
	- Encourages people to eat healthier alternatives.	"Bún đậu mắm tôm có thể rẻ hơn nhưng có khi lành mạnh hơn nếu ăn ít mắm."
	- Example: Higher prices at McDonald's or Pizza Hut would make people rethink eating there often.
Health awareness campaigns	- Teach people about the risks of junk food and benefits of healthy eating.	"Các poster có câu: ‘Ăn rau nhiều như ăn bánh chưng – dáng thon hơn Tết năm sau!’"
	- Promote fun ways to stay fit, like dancing or sports.	"Một chiến dịch có thể khuyến khích người dân nhảy Zumba miễn phí ở công viên thay vì nằm dài xem phim Hàn."
Addressing sedentary lifestyles	- Encourage physical activities in schools and workplaces.	"Giờ thể dục thêm các trò chơi như nhảy dây, đá cầu, để học sinh thích vận động hơn."
	- Promote walking or cycling instead of relying on motorbikes.	"Nếu nhà cách trường 500m thì đi bộ thay vì đi xe máy sẽ đỡ vừa kẹt xe, vừa béo."

Here’s a table that organizes the vocabulary from the essay and presents the meanings and examples to make it easier to understand. I’ve included humorous examples to make them more memorable.

			Category Vocabulary Meaning Example (In Vietnamese)
Society	an outcry	A reaction of anger or strong protest shown by people in public	Cuộc tăng thuế mới đã gây ra một làn sóng phản đối mạnh mẽ từ công chúng.
	socially acceptable	Agreed or approved by most people in a society	Hút thuốc nơi công cộng hiện nay không còn được xã hội chấp nhận nữa.
	segregate	To separate people of different races, religions, or sexes and treat them differently	Mặc dù xã hội không còn chấp nhận chính sách phân biệt chủng tộc, nhưng nhiều người từ các nguồn gốc khác nhau vẫn sống tách biệt.
Traditional vs. Modern	incompatible with	Not able to exist or work with another person or thing due to basic differences	Lối sống của người dân bản địa không thể hòa hợp với các nền văn hóa hiện đại.
	fall by the wayside	If something falls by the wayside, it is no longer used or considered relevant	Công nghệ hiện đại khiến nhiều kỹ năng truyền thống bị lãng quên.
Communication & Personality	live in harmony with one another	To live with others in a way that avoids conflict or disagreement	Những sinh viên sống chung trong ký túc xá rất thân thiết và luôn hòa thuận với nhau.
	codes of conduct	Voluntary rules accepted by people in a particular situation	Quy tắc ứng xử là tự nguyện, nhưng nó được coi là một chuẩn mực tốt trong công việc.
Other Vocabulary	overwhelming	Very great or strong, impossible to resist	Có một sự ủng hộ áp đảo đối với các luật mới bảo vệ rừng nhiệt đới.
	blanket ban	A ban that applies to or affects everyone or everything	Một lệnh cấm toàn diện đối với việc bán thuốc lá sẽ dẫn đến việc buôn bán thuốc lá trái phép.
	distraction	A thing that takes your attention away from what you are doing or thinking	Làm việc từ xa có quá nhiều yếu tố phân tâm so với làm việc trong văn phòng.
	designate	To indicate something for a special job or purpose	Khu vực này trong tòa nhà mới được chỉ định là kho chứa.
	thoughtless	Not considering the effects on others of what you do or say	Anh ấy đã có một nhận xét vô tâm về ngoại hình của cô ấy, khiến cô ấy rất buồn.

By associating the vocabulary with real-life examples or humorous situations, you can make them easier to remember. For example, think of the idea of a "blanket ban" as trying to throw a big blanket over everything, but it’s too extreme for a casual dinner party—some things can’t be covered by one big rule!

Here’s a vocabulary table organized by category from the essay, including definitions and examples (with humorous or memorable examples in Vietnamese) to make them easier to remember:

			Category Vocabulary Meaning Example
Government Vocabulary	To prioritise expenditure on	To give priority to spending money on something	"I believe we should prioritise expenditure on medical research to save lives." (Chúng ta nên chi tiêu vào nghiên cứu y học để cứu sống mọi người.)
	To adopt policies	To start using or implementing specific policies	"The government should adopt policies to tackle pollution." (Chính phủ cần áp dụng các chính sách chống ô nhiễm.)
	To provide funding for	To allocate money to enable something to be done	"Providing funding for education is essential for future growth." (Cung cấp tài trợ cho giáo dục là điều cần thiết để phát triển tương lai.)
	High on the agenda	Something that is one of the most important priorities	"Climate change should be high on the agenda for all governments." (Biến đổi khí hậu phải là ưu tiên hàng đầu của chính phủ.)
	To allocate resources to	To make money or materials available for something	"Governments must allocate resources to public health." (Chính phủ cần phân bổ tài nguyên cho y tế công cộng.)
	To be a government priority	Something that should be dealt with before anything else	"Affordable housing should be a government priority." (Nhà ở giá rẻ phải là ưu tiên của chính phủ.)
Society Vocabulary	Socio-economic changes	Changes related to the society and economy of a country	"The industrial revolution caused massive socio-economic changes." (Cách mạng công nghiệp đã gây ra những thay đổi lớn trong xã hội và kinh tế.)
Space Exploration	To pour money into space research	To invest a lot of money into research related to space	"Some argue that it's a waste to pour money into space research." (Một số người cho rằng việc đổ tiền vào nghiên cứu không gian là lãng phí.)
	Satellite technology	The technology used to send satellites into space for communications	"Satellites help with GPS and weather forecasting, thanks to satellite technology." (Vệ tinh giúp định vị GPS và dự báo thời tiết nhờ công nghệ vệ tinh.)
	The conquest of space	Gaining control over the challenge of exploring and utilizing space	"The conquest of space is something that has fascinated humans for centuries." (Cuộc chinh phục không gian là điều thu hút nhân loại suốt hàng thế kỷ.)
	Space missions	Flights or expeditions that involve going into space	"NASA plans several space missions to explore Mars." (NASA có kế hoạch vài chuyến du hành không gian đến sao Hỏa.)
	A space station	A large structure in space that serves as a base for people working and traveling in space	"The space station was built by multiple countries working together." (Trạm vũ trụ được xây dựng bởi nhiều quốc gia hợp tác.)
Environment Vocabulary	An ecological crisis	A serious situation that destabilizes the environment and the survival of species	"The rapid deforestation is causing an ecological crisis." (Nạn phá rừng nhanh chóng đang gây ra một cuộc khủng hoảng sinh thái.)
	To take action on global warming	To take measures or steps to address the issue of global warming	"Countries need to take action on global warming before it’s too late." (Các quốc gia cần hành động chống biến đổi khí hậu trước khi quá muộn.)
	To achieve sustainable development	To develop in a way that doesn't deplete natural resources	"We need to adopt green technologies to achieve sustainable development." (Chúng ta cần áp dụng công nghệ xanh để đạt được sự phát triển bền vững.)
Technology Vocabulary	Advances in technology	Progress or improvements in technology	"Recent advances in technology have revolutionized medicine." (Những tiến bộ gần đây trong công nghệ đã cách mạng hóa ngành y học.)
	Robotics technology	The design, construction, and operation of robots	"Factories now use robotics technology for assembling products." (Các nhà máy hiện nay sử dụng công nghệ robot để lắp ráp sản phẩm.)
	To be in its infancy	To be in the early stages of development	"AI is still in its infancy, but it’s developing quickly." (AI vẫn còn ở giai đoạn đầu, nhưng phát triển rất nhanh.)
Other Vocabulary	To devote [verb]	To give a large amount of time, money, or attention to something	"I devote two hours every day to studying for my exams." (Tôi dành hai giờ mỗi ngày để học cho kỳ thi.)
	Well-being [noun]	The state of being healthy, happy, and comfortable	"Physical exercise contributes greatly to your well-being." (Tập thể dục đóng góp rất lớn vào sức khỏe và tinh thần của bạn.)
	To pioneer [verb]	To be the first to develop or study a new area of knowledge or skill	"She aims to pioneer a new treatment for cancer." (Cô ấy muốn là người tiên phong phát triển một phương pháp điều trị mới cho bệnh ung thư.)

I hope these examples make the vocabulary more memorable and easier to use!